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Game the huntable (d.i. in hunt-legal regulations listed) is called animals living in the wild. In principle game is in natural liberty and is abandoned, belongs thus to nobody. It has - and/or having contrary to other animals living in the wild a direct use than food and raw material supplier or it stands in food competition to humans. The appropriation of the game is exclusively permitted to the hunt-practice-entitled.
The game is subject to the special welfare service of humans in form of jagdlicher restrictions and preserves. The welfare service for the kinds of game and for their habitat are the subject of the game animal management. The scientific basis in addition supplies game biology.
Wildly in the sense of game biology the whole of the huntable animal species occurring on earth covers. With that increasingly the term experiences global meaning of the game animal management also an expansion on animal species in the interest of hunt.
Legal regulations to the game animal management are in laws for the use of the game animals, to the Unterschutzstellung of the kinds and individuals as well as for the classification of protected areas (reservations).
In Germany, Austria and Switzerland game laws regulate - and regulations the hunt (and as subrange of it preserve). These hunt-legal regulations contain a locking catalog of the huntable animals and give the term game thereby its legal definition.
Furthermore wildly also as abbreviation for the game one uses.
In the hunting right and in jaglichen practice the game becomes after
differentiated.
Among the hair game the hunting right underlying mammals rank. Feather/spring game the hunting right underlying birds are called.
The bowl game covers the hunting right underlying Paarhufer (Boviden, Cerviden and the black game). Their claws are called in the hunter language bowls.
Among the big game the hunting right ranks all bowl game with exception of the Rehwildes. Further belong the Auerwild, the stone eagle and the sea-eagle to the big game. All remaining game belongs to the small game. The term big game has besides historical background. It designated game, whose hunt became particularly estimated and which was reserved therefore the high aristocracy (high hunt). The small game was allowed however also of the low aristocracy, which farmers and the Klerus are bejagt (low hunt).
In the jagdlichen linguistic usage additionally distinctive after
From the typical kinds of game of Central Europe are subject to the hunting right among other things
There the chase right in Germany, Austria and Switzerland is differently regulated, gives it national and regional differences in the catalog the hunting right underlying animal species. In Germany authorize the federal game laws the countries to determine further animal species which are subject to the hunting right. In Austria the regulation of the hunt is subject to the einzelenen countries. In Switzerland the regulation of the hunt is assigned to the cantons.
Before the emergence of the federal game laws were subject to the hunting right in Germany also brown bear, owls, pelican, blackbird, Seeschwalben, storm birds and white stork. In south Europe the hunt for singing birds is exercised.
With the changes in our environment kinds of game can disappear, occur again or again come. Thus wolf (is not subject yet to the hunting right) and Luchs in Central Europe become again domestic. Much-ate animal species as, settles and Marderhund and competes with domestic kinds.
Such kinds of game are seized if necessary by the hunting right. That means not at the same time that they may be also bejagt. Some that the chase right assigned animal species are all year round preserved (may not be hunted). For it however further the obligation exists to preserves. They are subject thereby to the special welfare service by the legislator and the hunter.
The hunter of the Steinzeit used nearly all parts of the game. Beside food and clothes the game raw material supplied with to it for the manufacturing of tools, weapons and decoration.
5. Book Mose (Deuteronomium) contains a catalog of the animals, whose benefit permitted or forbidden is. To this time therefore stood ""Â… Deer and Gazelle and Damhirsch and Steinbock and Wisent and Antilope and game sheep"Â… "on the bill of fare.
The daily meat need of the kitchen king Salomos covered ""Â… ten mast cattle and twenty pasture cattle as well as one hundred sheep, apart from the deer, Gazellen, Antilopen and the poultry"Â… "(1. Book of the kings, II 5).
The game has (except with the few remaining hunt peoples) today with the covering of the daily need only small meaning.
The use as raw material for decoration and tools effected only to Liebhaberzwecken.Das high-quality leathers from the skin ("the cover ") the Cerviden and Boviden is converted to articles of clothing. The fur ("the bellows ") of the Raubtiere is in demand in Central Europe only little.
In the Federal Republic of Germany in the year 2000 over 32.600 tons game were used. The value of the hunted game is numbered for the year 2000 on 160 million euro. (German Journalists' Federation manual hunt 2002).
The consumption of game is very low in Germany: in the year 2003 only approximately 900 gram game became verzehrt, with an entire meat consumption of 60,8 kg per head.
Rotwild (deer), Rehwild, Sikawild, Damwild and black game (wild pigs) are held also as agricultural utilizable animals.
The wrong faith, by which benefit of certain parts of the body of special kinds of game has to attain special forces to it that these animal species in its existence strongly partly even extermination close is led. Organized Wilderei - also to the acquisition of ivory and for the production of souvenirs - is fought by nationally promoted international game animal management.
At the game can occur apart from injuries, poisonings, and deformations parasitic diseases, bacterial diseases and virus diseases.
Some the diseases (Zoonosen), caused by parasites, are transferable to humans (e.g. fox tapeworm). This applies also to certain virus illnesses (e.g. rabies) or Bakteriosen.
In the states of the European union laws regulate the fight against game diseases, handling ill animals, the precaution and the protection of the consumers.
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