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Water power designates the flow energy of flowing water, which is converted over suitable machines into mechanical energy. In earlier times this mechanical energy in mills directly used, today outweighs the further transformation to electricity in hydro-electric power plants.
Use of water power is using the potential energy of the water in the gravity field of the earth, which is converted when postdown flowing into kinetic energy. The water becomes by evaporation, which wind flows off and finally the rains into a high situation brought, from it then and a use by humans by means of hydraulic engines permitted. Water power belongs thereby to the regenerativ or renewable energy sources.
With hydro-electric power plants scarcely 18 % of the electricity produced world-wide are produced. Water power nearly lies thereby up with the nuclear power. Water power is at present the only renewable energy source, which contributes considerably to the supply of the earth population. The other renewable forms of energy such as sun, wind, terrestrial heat and biomass contribute together approximately 2.1 %.
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