Wundarzt is the earlier, from the Middle Ages into the second half 19. Century used, today no longer common name for surgeons. were to be found above all, where there was to most work for them, so e.g. with the military, where they were feld called. There were however also which - similarly as today - operated own practices in larger settlements or than moving physicians by to country pulled. Also with Hofe were employed for the personal support of personalities good-posed. were with all kinds of diseases important approach places for the population. In the Middle Ages it became usual in many cities to bestallen as so-called "city physicians ".

Training

had usually training relating to crafts, speak handicraft teachings with a bar beer, with locking associating examination, completed. In order to guarantee and to protect against abuse and Scharlatanerie the training and practice of the Wundheilkunde qualitatively, occupation orders issued themselves, which regulated the activity of the Certain performing could be made for example only under supervision or after instruction of a scholarly physician. Academic physicians made however even no surgical interferences. The surgery was respected therefore at that time as training relating to crafts at the universities small or was

Some was specialized in certain performing, and concentrated e.g. on the star stinging or stone cuts. These offered their services primarily on fairs. The fact that thereby the Scharlatanerie substantial feed motion was carried out was to be mentioned here only at the edge.

There were also which had attained their knowledge as autodidacts or by excessive quantity of the knowledge in the family. They could their art only with a nationalwonderful privilege exercise and had an examination before the Collegium Medicum exist.

Tasks of the Wundarztes

Major task of the was, like the name to already assume leaves, beside the universal remedy at that time, the bleeding, the supply of outside wounds. In addition treated abscesses, Tumore, burns and cramp veins, accomplished star passes, blister stone and break operations and intestine seams, straightened joints, supply fractures and pulled teeth. In addition Amputationen made and manufactured prostheses.

Demarcation between Wundarzt, Bader and bar beer

The demarcation of the tasks of the Wundarztes to those of the bar beer and/or Scherers is difficult, because also residents or moving bar beers left to the vein and treated fractures, setting, fresh wounds, toothache and general internal illnesses. Mainly bar beers were however responsible for shaving and the bleeding and worked additionally as dentists and pharmacists. Bar beers were often designated socially less respected than them, although they were been versed contrary to the also with medicines, even than Quacksalber. Some bar beers nevertheless brought it to high reputation and prosperity.

Also Bader exercised first the activities of the "small surgery in such a way specified". They had however frequently a bad reputation and were considered as dishonorable, which might be because of the fact that many bath tubes were used also as brothels. Bader worked only in bath tubes and therapeutic baths. Bader such as Scherer are considered as forerunners of the Wundarztes.

Handicraft physicians and academic medicine

The tasks of the and the academic medical profession was strictly from each other separated. This separation from surgery and internal medicine, to which the academic physicians dedicated themselves, was the consequence of a resolution of the IVTH Laterankonzils of 1215. Thus the renouncement of surgical practices was prescribed for the university graduates. Background was that it often came during and to surgical interferences to deaths, which was morally not to be agreed upon at that time still predominantly klerikalen physicians with the religious office that. Thus the surgery was excluded as inferior medicine from the universities and given to the area of responsibility of the Bader and bar beers relating to crafts. Just as academic physicians did not make surgical interferences, it was forbidden to to operate internal medicine. Because of the strict separation of the fields it came frequently to disputes and mutual reproaches of Quacksalberei between scholarly physicians and In the early modern times the surgery became theoretical the subject of the academic physician training, however practical execution was still left to the Also with lecturers and Anatomen assisted the necessary interferences as "pro sectors" and made, after instruction of the scholars. The situation can be described on the basis a quotation of Albrecht of Haller well: "How/as well-being I was through 17 years professor of the surgery and at corpses again and again the most difficult surgical interferences taught, then I nevertheless never brought it over me to use at living humans the knife because I was afraid of harming thereby all too much." Only in 18. Century was begun to approximate the occupations Wundarzt and taught physician gradually each other. The training relating to crafts of the was into the second half 19. Century inside usually.

as Kurpfu

was it, as above described internal medicine does not permit to operate, which was reserved the scholarly physicians. It was thus not permitted to them, the physicians "into the cure to bungle". Many ignored the strict separation in practice and became in such a way "Kurpfuschern", which did not evaluate first the quality of the treatment, but the fact to the expression brought that "Kurpfu" accomplished a treatment, to which it in the reason was not entitled.

Articles in category "Wundarzt"

We found here 2 articles.