Weave / Handicraft - Economy-point.org

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Weaves is the usually spread kind of the production of textiles. Weave designation that right-angled crosses of at least two thread systems. If the thread systems in an angle run unequally 90"°, thus diagonally, one speaks of lichens. The product when weaving is the fabric.

History

Weaving is one of the oldest technologies of mankind. Already in the Neolithikum weight looms were well-known. Some researchers assume that already in the one wove, as clay/tone castings from the Pavlov are to occupy. From the damp soil settlements of Switzerland a number of neolitischer textiles is delivered, which consist of flax or wool. Besides also crust phloem (lime tree, elm tree and oak) was used. Weight looms were used in the Middle Ages. The weaving mill of the Bronzezeit is particularly well-known by the finds from the Danish tree coffins. Here is among other things the first mini skirt of history.

Also the old advanced cultures, for example the Egyptians, knew the weaving mill. In some grave chambers remnants of woven garbs were found.

Gewobene textiles and carpets help the commercial Assyrern, Babyloniern and the later to their wealth. They knew their technological projection/lead in the textile industry in small Asia, Persia and Arabia to in 13. Century inside maintain.

Also the Greeks knew a weaving. With Homer weaving seems to be spiders and the production of articles of clothing the principal occupation of the women. After other excessive quantities the picture weaving mill competed seriously with the painting within the artistic range. Vase pictures of the schwarzfigurigen time occupy the use of the weight loom also here.

From the Roman Kaiser era fabrics from other materials than wool are well-known: Egyptian and Spanish linen and Chinese silk.

The Teutons wove both wool and linen. They wove complicated samples, as for example the famous Thorsberg coat occupies.

In the early Middle Ages and in the Roman art period the eastern Webkunst controlled the world market. Sassanidi, sarazenische and Byzantine silk and wool fabrics were verziert and with rich ornamentations. Of them splendor garbs for emperors, princes, knights and the Klerus were made. Likewise over Byzanz silk came to Europe.

Also in Europe the weaving mill began to blossom as branch of industry. In Augsburg there were in the middle 15. Century a weber guild also over 700 members. In many places, so for instance in the in the municipalities with a high portion of webers, half of the population, own weber markets were often held.

Beside materials, carpets, wallpapers and Tapisserien were woven.

Tools

Thousands of years world-wide variants of the simple loom with horizontal chain were used. Only by the invention of the mechanical loom in 16. Century took place a change of the production engineering. With volume mills so mentioned it was to be woven possible twenty or more volumes at the same time.

Only in 18. Century was substantially developed further the loom. Thus at this time by John Kay the in such a way specified for the automatic movement protecting one invented. The first mechanical loom was built for 1784 by the clergyman Edmond Cartwright. A further revolutionary innovation was introduced by the Lyoner silk weber J.M. Jacquard. With its 1805 delighted loom was purposefully lifted and lowered the chaining threads by punch cards, whereby it became possible to weave examined materials. The first electrical loom was manufactured 1879 by W. by Siemens.

Technology

The weaving mill marks the production of fabrics, those from textilen planar formations from two crossed thread systems, which meet rechtswinkelig one on the other exist.

The first thread system is called chain (chaining thread), which second passed through one calls shot (Schussfaden). At the machine (loom) now a device must be available, it made possible, which alternating a part of the chain threads is raised, while the other part is lowered, so that a subject develops, by which the contactors with that wound up shot through be led can. The specialized formation takes place with the Handwebstuhl via footsteps. The contactors thereby by a Schlagvorrichtung by the subject by a on the other hand one floats.

The contactor boxes are here on the right of and to the left of the drawer, which can be forwards and backwards moved, so that guessed (the Weberkamm or Web comb) the straight through-shot thread to the fabric finished placed fasten firmly can.

Museums, education and culture

In Haslach to the in the there is a weaving mill museum, a textile technical school as well as the culture association Textile culture Haslach, which organizes a weber market apart from a textile symposium, Web courses annually.