Walter Elias Disney (short: Walt Disney) (* 5 December 1901 in Chicago; "† 15 December 1966 in Los Angeles) was an US-American film producer. He is the inventor of Micky mouse and CO.

Life

The beginnings

Walt Disney was born on 5 December 1901 in Chicago, as a son of a building contractor of Canadian origin. Its nut/mother originated from Ohio. It buildup with its parents, his sister and three brothers on a farm in Missouri. All children, also the youngest, had to help on the farm, but it was always interested in drawing and taken with 14 years the first time art instruction in Kansas town center. After he had been in the First World War outpatient clinic driver at the army in France, he began to draw short publicity films, together with indication artist Ubbe "for Ub "Iwerks, which drew Walt later also the model for the Micky Mouse. Together with its brother Roy it produced a set of Kurzfilmen with the title Alice in Cartoonland. With it it already mixed as later with Mary Poppins Trickfilm with material actors.

Break-through with the Micky mouse

To successes with the Alice films Disney went 1923 to Los Angeles. Together with Ub Iwerks as kind Director and its brother Roy, which worried about the financial aspects of productions, it began to convert its ideas into Trickfilme. 1926 gave Disney the Zeichnerei up and left to Iwerks the conception of its figures. 1927 were created Micky mouse (English Mickey Mouse) by Iwerks, the title of the first Micky film read tarpaulin Crazy. To it the jazz singer (The jazz Singer) appeared parallel, the first commercially specified Tonfilm of film history, produced by the brothers Warner. This encouraged Walt Disney, the indication trick category new life einzuhauchen and its newest creation with a mark the world sensation to make, by adding the drawn pictures clay/tone and music effects. Thus celebrated in November 1928 in New York Steamboat Willie, in which also min ever mouse and Kater Karlo did not play its first role, premiere.

Parallel to the Micky mouse films Disney produced the Silly Symphonies row, in which it tried consciously new animation techniques out. Thus it published 1932 with the Trickfilm flowers and trees (Flowers and Trees) the first Technicolor film with naturally working colors. 1934 had Donald duck in the Silly Symphony film the intelligent small hen its first appearance. In the following years it developed fast to a Gegenpart to the nice and successful Micky mouse and became finally more popular in its own films even than Micky. Further popular figures were Goofy, Pluto, Daisy duck and the three small Schweinchen.

The films of Disney were brought first of the United Artists into the cinemas. The rental business enterprise let the film producer change to differences however to RKO Pictures and could not no more at commercial successes of following productions sharings.

Success with evening-filling Zeichentrickfilmen

A large work succeeded Disney 1937 with the indication trick filming of Schneewittchen and the seven dwarves, which received one regular OSCAR as well as seven expenditures for miniature from the film academy. Altogether 750 artists were involved in the Erschaffung of this classical author. Following the large success of Schneewittchen Disney created 1940 an indication trick version of Pinocchio.

An absolute new fact was that likewise 1940 published music film Fantasia, which presents among other things small Kurzgeschichten to works of brook, Beethovens, Tschaikowskis, Strawinskys. Not a history was toned, but turned around quasi, translated the music graphically into pictures. Apart from nice and nice stories (for example a urkomisches ballet of Nilpferden and crocodiles) also dark or even abstract episodes appear. Much is that admits in which Micky plays the "magician's apprentice" - tones after the well-known Goethe Ballade -. The strip under the musical direction of Leopold Stokowski was the first motion picture film, which was provided with a sound TRACK in stereophonic sound.

1941 follow Dumbo as the fourth evening-filling Zeichentrickfilm and finally 1942 Bambi after Felix Salten, whom Walt Disney always called its favourite film. These first five works apply to today as the largest classical authors from the house Disney.

Play and documentary films

After the Second World War Disney produced numerous adventure films like the treasure island after Robert Louis Stevenson and 20,000 miles under the sea after Jules Verne. Into the 1950er years developed also further evening-filling Zeichentrickfilme, under it for Cinderella, Alice in the miracle country, Peter Pan and and the prince.

As world-wide very successfully proved in this time also a set of documentary films. Already first of it, seal Iceland (1948), won a OSCAR. If it concerned here first only Kurzfilme, it dared Disney 1953 with the desert lives (The Living Desert), to bring also a evening-filling documentary film into the cinemas. The strip was a financial and artistic sensation, got likewise the OSCAR and gave up to then under commercial criteria hardly considered category new lift. World-wide further animal documentary films came into the cinema in the next years. Disney Studios called their documentary films over animals and plants "True Life Adventures "("adventures in the realm of nature "). To the most well-known miracle of the prairie (The Vanishing Prairie, 1954) belongs and Secrets quilt (The African Lion, 1955). Additionally there was also still "People and Places ", a Dokumentarreihe over different countries and their inhabitant.

Disney as a television pioneer

In order to come to more moneys for its numerous plans, Walt Disney at the beginning of the 1950er belonged years to the first Hollywood producers, who knew to use the arising television for itself. With Fernsehshows such as Disneyland Walt Disney developed as a kind "fairy tale uncles of the nation "also to a television moderator liked country-wide. Its face became now only quite admits, when it presented its newest films, which art of the animation described or films and series anmoderierte. Disney with Davy Crockett, which made Fess Parker the star and created it also in the cinema, landed its largest series hit. Disney had been moveable foresighted most of its television contributions in color, even if the conditions at that time made possible only one black-and-white radiant emittance for the technology. The investments disbursed themselves however by cinema evaluations and later repetitions in color.

Several TV-Specials, which concerned themselves with the possibilities of space travel, were unusual. But Disney with the space travel pioneer did who ago from brown together, which the films as well as Disney, arranged by Ward Kimball, and other also moderated. With the German physicist and popular scientist Heinz Haber created Disney the TV-Special our friend the atom, with which in the sense of the government Eisenhower the image of the nuclear energy should be improved completely.

Disneyland and Disney World

On 17 July 1955 Walt Disney opened its first entertainment park (Disneyland) in Anaheim, few kilometers south of Los Angeles. he bought the area for the second park in Orlando, Florida, which should become still better than the first Disneyland to 1964. 1964 came the most successful Disney feature, which musical Mary Poppins, out, which was distinguished with five Oscars. The last film, in which Disney participated personally, was the jungle book (The Jungle Book).

In order to let Trickfilme more realistic work, of Disney technicians under the direction of Ub Iwerks (of new the techniques over several decades of the developers and better in the house Disney was and among other things also in Hitchcocks The Birds (1963) cooperated) developed the multi-plan camera table, when designs of background, figure and foreground on separate, superimposed levels to be put and then from above photographed. By changed distances between the levels so more realistic, spatially working effects can be realized.

On 15 December 1966 Walt Disney died unexpectedly after an operation at cancer of the lungs, and its younger brother Roy took over the Walt Disney Productions and the advancement of the park, which was opened to 1971 in honours of its "inventor "as "Walt Disney World ". It was not, how often accepted, Walt Disney, which invented uncle Dagobert and other members of the Disney family, but "the good draughtsman "Carl bark. From its indication feather/spring also many further inhabitants of duck living originate.

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