Wage costses resulted labour costs of achievement per furnished are called. In order the wage costses too received, the whole of the labour costs, which result for a product or a service, becomes by the resulting achievement (e.g. Piece, o. divide Wage costses can be computed thus for individual products or enterprises, in addition, for whole industries and national economies.

In the VGR wage costses computed as the quotient from employee payment and GROS DOMESTIC PRODUCT. If one uses the material GROS DOMESTIC PRODUCT, which computes GROS DOMESTIC PRODUCT at prices of a certain base year, then one receives the nominal (!) Wage costses. If one uses the nominal GROS DOMESTIC PRODUCT, thus in respective prices computed, one receives the material (!) Wage costses. First size is to give information, which pressure is exerted on the price level by increases of wages, latter size is to give over it information, the how very enterprises are loaded "material", thus also with the consideration that the enterprises can raise for their part the prices. The material wage costses are also a kind of wage ratio, which is related to the GROS DOMESTIC PRODUCT however not to the national income, but. In the illustration four lower sizes ((1) net wages and - salaries, (2) social insurance contributions of the employees and (3) - giver and (4) the wage taxes) form the employee payment. Its portion of the GROS DOMESTIC PRODUCT, this would be then the material wage costses, corresponds nearly to its portion of the BNE, which is shown here (BNE in the illustration = 100% set).

If the labour costs rise more strongly than the "material" or "nominal" productivity, the "nominal" or "material" wage costses rise. Wage costses on a low level result from low wages and/or a high productivity. Many believe to achieve this goal by by in low wage countries on a high technical degree one works. In industrialized countries the high labour costs are connected with a high productivity, whereby the wage costses are likewise low. (In reverse one can argue that high labour costs are justified by high productivity.) an exclusive view of the offer fades out the demand side. In low wage countries the average productivity is low, so that by the small wages also little can be bought. Because this connection is considered often little, only approx. 1/4 of the operating misalignments become abroad success (Tobias Meyer, Ulrich close: So that the location to the success factor becomes. VDI message No. 9 /2006, P. 15).

In all other respects wage costses should be regarded always carefully. On the one hand wage costses can fail due to capital-intensive production processes low. On the other hand into the wage costses only the productivity of the employees is taken into consideration, while unemployed persons remain unconsidered. The moreover differences can occur with the computation of wage costses, which depend on whether on national currency basis or in uniform currency one counts.

According to a study of the DIW (see [1]) the nominal wage costses rose in Germany since 1980 proportionally more than in Japan, while in case of of material wage costses a reverse result results.

Clearing of the material wage costses

Similarly as with the wage ratio one can make a clearing also with the material wage costses, in order to out-add the effect of changes of the composition of the number of the employed persons after employees and independent ones with helping relatives. This happens, as independent ones calculatory entrepreneur wages are awarded to everyone at height of the average employee payment.

The clearing takes place thus, as the employee payment is multiplied by the number of the acquisition-active and divided then with the number of the employees.

This proceeding leads however to distorted results for countries or times, in which the portion of the independent ones and helping relatives is very high. This was for example still in Japan until the end of the 60's the case and is today still like that in countries such as Greece. The acceptance that an independent gets the average pay of an employee, oversubscribed then the incomes of the independent ones and blows the corrected employee payment up, so that material wage costses of close 100% or more can result.

In the illustration are represented for the three largest national economies of the world the USA, Japan and FRG (see triad) the settled and unbereinigten material wage costses.

See also:

Ancillary wages

Related links

• <nowiki> [1</nowiki> DIW weekly report No. 14/2004: Labour costs in the international comparison]

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• MANAGEMENT CONSULTATION MANAGEMENT CONSULTANT
  ... employer portion, gross wage, wage tax, social insurance contributions, ... contract, retention of title, reminders, reminder costs, Travel costses, ...


• MANAGEMENT CONSULTATION MANAGEMENT CONSULTANT
  ... employer portion, gross wage, wage tax, social insurance contributions, ... contract, retention of title, reminders, reminder costs, travel costses, ...