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» Personal Loan No Credit Check, Online Economics » Economics (France) » Topics begins with V » Viticulture in France
France one of the most important Weinbaugebiete of the earth is both qualitative and quantitatively. International standards orient themselves until today at France, in particular the Bordeaux wine, Burgund and the Champagner. Also with the international admittingness of Rebsorten such as Chardonnay, Merlot or Cabernet Sauvignon have French sorts the nose in front. In addition France is despite sunk production numbers further to Italy a second largest wine producer of the world. In the year 2002 altogether 909,000 hectares with vines were bestockt. Those approx. 144,000 viticulture enterprises produce annually 50 to 60 million Hektoliter wine. This quantity corresponds to approx. 6.7 - 8 billion bottles wine, which are drunk to two thirds in the own country. The portion of the red and amounts to approx. 73%, the portion of the weissweine 27%. The wine industry generates annually approx. 8.4 billion euro conversion. The world production, those up-to-date by constantly new cultivated areas in the USA, Australia, in addition, countries like the People's Republic of China grows, amounted 1999 to approximately 280 million Hektoliter. The portion of France of the world production is approximately at 20% (tendency falling), the related to value lies due to the elevated price level with approx. 25%.
French wine production ranks among world-wide the best supervised agriculture ranges at all. Each filled up bottle belongs to a quality category. The highest stage of the quality pyramid is represented by the AOC wines. The Vins de Suprieur follows - wines (short VDQS), the Landweine (Vin de Pays) and the board wines (Vin de Table). The marking is very different in the French Weinbaugebieten. Thus the Weinbaugebiet Champagne represents only one AOC also over 32.000 hectares. The smallest AOC has against it hardly two hectares of surface. Within the AOC wines there are partial further differences between regional, subregionalen and local AOCs, without this would be to be inferred from the label as information. Generally applies: The smaller the designated area is, the more highly is the quality requirements. In Burgund the Potenziale of the situations plays a large role for quality classification. Accordingly the individual Appellationen is quite small, in order to become fair the differences of individual situations. See also for this the article Grand Cru. In the Bordelais against it the thus the plays the main role, whose quality in classifications) is fixed. The Appellationen covers therefore at least the Rebbestand of a municipality or several area-related municipalities, how this is for the Appellation Margaux the case. Individual situations are not seized. Naturally one knows with the INAO also that there are better and worse within a Appellation. A classification of the wines does not take place via the AOC - designation.
Quality wines are, different than blended in Germany, mostly from several Rebsorten. Sort-pure wines dominate only in the Elsass, in Burgund, in some Appellationen of the Loire as well as the northern
The principle of the controlled indication of origin (Appellation d'Origine became at the beginning 20. Century conceives and 1935 with the establishment of the INAO (Institut national of the Appellations D'Origine) into the act converted. This Institut controls meanwhile over 400 Appellationen and suggests changes in the legislation. In addition the INAO determines, which the nor - VDQS of wines into the rank of a AOC to ascend can. With local regulations one tries completely consciously to retain traditions and the self-sufficiency of the individual regions or individual municipalities. Outer-impactgiving for the introduction of the radical quality system were increasing criminality approximately around the wine like for example the bad adding of more inexpensive wines for stretching expensive products etc.
With the AOC regulations the borders of the certified are not only drawn. Within the set of rules of each individual AOC the certified Rebsorten defined (possibly even minimum portions of certain sorts within the blends) is held, minimum alcohol contents and imposed restrictions of yield. The regulations cover also details to the number of which per hectare must be set, as well as to the educating systems of the vines which can be used. In some areas, like for example the Champagne, even certain production engineering, like for example the maximum juice yield when pressing, is prescribed.
The portion of the AOC wines rose from 37% (1989) to 51% (1999).
Wines from controlled origin area (AOC) red and 17,9 million HektoliterWeissweine: 8,5Millionen HektoliterGesamtproduktion: 26,4 million Hektoliter (51% of the total production)
Elevated board wines (Landweine) red and 13,4 million HektoliterWeissweine: 2,8 million HektoliterGesamtproduktion: 16,2 million Hektoliter (31% of the total production)
Simple board wine red and 6,8 million HektoliterWeissweine: 2,4 million HektoliterGesamtproduktion: 9,2 million Hektoliter (18% of the total production)
Over 600 v.Chr came the Phoker, Greek immigrants from small Asia, to Gallien and created today's Marseille. They brought them the well-known Rebsorten along and cultivated them in Southern France. Since the sorts came from a warm climate zone, they prospered only in areas, in which also figs and grew.
Starting from that 2. Century became Marseille also for the erstarkten Romans interesting, in order to secure routes of transportation on the Landweg toward Spain. From the same considerations the today's Narbonne as well as the Roman province Narbonensis developed. In the context of expanded commercial activities the wine came from Southern France until Rome and Amphorenfunde in the former Gallien occupies a considerable consumption of Italian wine ebenda.
The Greek writer and geographer Strabon is in his 7 v. Chr; published work Geographica still the opinion that only the regions were approximately around Narbonne and Marseille due to a similar vegetation as in Italy for the viticulture suitable, the remainder of Galliens however too far north lie. Already in the year 38 n. Chr. reported it however that the banks of the were covered by vines.
In the 1. The Allobroger in the proximity of the today's city Vienne in the going physician of wines cultivated century after Christ. According to Plinius the older one they could implement high prices for this commodity.
From the Roman base Narbonne might have found the vines their way in the today's Weinbaugebiet Gaillac. Archaeological finds occupy the production of Amphoren with Gaillac and during the second reign by emperor Augustus by 27 v. Chr. - 14 n. Chr.
Enclosed a translation assistance of the most important terms of a label, as well as for handling wine from and in France (inclusive French
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