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Uniform (ugs. gap, in Austria ugs. Wichs) one calls homogeneous service clothes of national service forces or emergency services, in a stretcher way, a cut, a color and a textile, over optically uniformly ([Latin-French], equivalent, monotonously; evenly to arise uniformly) in the public.
The uniform symbolizes the function of its carrier and/or its affiliation to a federation and to an organization (badge, flag among other things). By carrying the uniform the individual is to embody its occupation and particularly to place its task as function carriers into the foreground. With the carrying of the uniform also the corps spirit of the uniform carriers is trained and strengthened.
Uniform ones are either prescribed (e.g. public service) or usual. Soldiers, member of emergency services as well as police enforcement officer in international mission are besides due to international law obligated to wear uniforms (with the showing of the flag).
Uniform ones become during the work performing (service uniform/work clothes) and carried with certain causes, e.g. with ceremonies. With the military it acts around complex things with very variant-rich remarks, stretcher ways and designations (e.g. combat suit).
The first uniforms were usual in the antique one in the military (particularly with the Romans). In the early Middle Ages soldiers carried the flag with the coat of arms of their national gentleman with campaigns in Central Europe in front and made themselves recognizable thereby instead of a uniform as hostile combat unit. Herolde were specialists, who could interpret coats of arms. 1309 were already used the designation vestitura uniformis (lat. uniform clothes) for the four hundred knights, the duke Friedrich from Austria to Speyer to accompany. In Prussia however only Friedrichs II. the today's term replaced the designations Livree or installing at times. From it also the term Montur descends, which is used colloquially instead of uniform. Uniform ones were already used since the Middle Ages also within the civilian range. Particularly with the military the form of the uniform changed strongly. The university forming of the troops sat down from the center 17. Jh. in 18. Jh. with the education of the standing armies through. Around 1720 nearly all European armies were university-formed. From this time the typical basic colours of the uniforms originate:
The soldiers still pulled in 19. , The uniforms were in the First World War already in such a way implemented century multicolored and remarkably in the field that the soldier in the area became with difficulty visible. The colors were adapted to the respective environment (camouflage color and camouflage structure). In addition, in the material and in the execution were large differences. Today's employment uniforms must be practical and wash and wear with many bags, while the old uniforms resembled rather the Galauniform. In 18. and 19. To century also civil uniforms existed for the civil state.
Carrying of uniforms was forbidden in the Weimar Republic starting from 1921 by a decree of the realm president Friedrich Ebert for civilians. His successor, general field marshal Paul von Hindenburg, main header the uniform prohibition on 26 August 1925 up.
A uniform consists of a complete set of the clothing, i.e. head coverage, clothing, leg dress and footwear as well as partially medal and badge.
The multiplicity of the pieces of uniform is described in the list of the pieces of uniform.
Beside the employment or field uniform for the daily service v.a. in the public service different versions exist; Thus uniforms for representative causes (dress uniforms, the so-called "first set" /Gardeuniform) exist, special uniforms for operational areas (e.g. Water, mountains, the Tropics, forests) and Einsatzaufgaben (e.g. Technical service, alpine employment, closed employments) or activities (tank combination, flier combination, university-formed Sportanzug).
The regular uniform of a soldier or a police officer was called long time also weapon skirt. In the public service are for individual ranges the suit orders (e.g. uniform regulation (D); German Federal Armed Forces: To use joint service regulation 37/10).
Also in the traffic, in particular at the railway and post office, as far as the privatisation uniforms were carried, whereby the military character was lost in favor of a zivileren appearance in the course of the years.
The uniformity of the clothes reached the high point in the meaning of the uniform carrying and in the spreading during the German national socialism, where the party NSDAP introduced its own party clothes for its members and the youth organizations Hitler Youth, federation of German girls and NAPOLA.
In Germany may be carried publicly no uniforms as a sign of a political convicition (offenses in accordance with "§"§ 3, 28 meeting law). Although this criminal offence is embodied in the meeting law, it does not only apply at meetings.
With the structure the person liable for military service citizen in uniform applied for the German German Federal Armed Forces after the Second World War as new political example.
Carrying of uniforms on passport photos is forbidden.
In Germany unauthorized carrying of a uniform of the police, the German red cross, the German Federal Armed Forces as well as articles of clothing, which are similar to those or could to a mistake lead, is punishable. This applies also to foreign uniforms and uniform parts.
In Austria the uniforms and uniform parts of policemen are posed under legal protection. It is not permitted, except for szenische purposes (e.g. photographs), to wear at a public place such a uniform or uniform parts (badge, Distinktionen udgl.). Who contrary-acts, an administrative punishment of up to "€ 360 can. - or spare imprisonment up to 2 weeks receive. An usurpation after "§ 314 StGB is punishable also in Austria, however for it carrying of a uniform is not necessary.
Working clothes, Amtstracht, service clothes, school uniform, pathfinder gap
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