The usual dandelion (Taraxacum officinale agg.) is a krautige plant of several years from the family of the basket bloom plants (Asteraceae). Colloquially this kind is called simply dandelion.

Description

The plant of several years becomes high between 10 and 60 cm. The sheets are quite variable usually however sometimes also ganzrandig and are located in a basicconstant Rosette.

At the end of the hollow and milk-prominent only in each case a yellow bloom head stands. The bloom head is opened only with sunlight and exclusively consists of tongue blooms. The outside cladding sheets are always struck back. The bloom time extends from April to Octobers.

The dandelion is with its stake root which is rooted deeply up to two meters a pioneer plant. It can form even without fertilization in its Samenanlagen embryos. Thus the sexual reproduction was replaced by a ungeschlechtliche.

The seeds (screen fliers) form then the so-called "Pusteblume "and by the wind are spread.

Occurrence

The plant is very frequent, it grows on meadows, at edges of way and in gardens. It is nitrogen-loving. The dandelion is domestic in Europe, Asia and North America. In other parts of the world it than Kosmopolit is in the meantime likewise in-patriated. In the mountains it is represented to approximately 2,800 m NN.

Systematics

Taraxacum officinale forms a very form-rich group of kinds (abbreviation agg.), whereby the individual kinds can be differentiated only from specialists according to training of several years.

Consider

The plant kind Leontodon possesses likewise the name dandelion.

Name

The many names reflect the Bekanntsheitgrad of this kind again: Pusteblume, dog flower, in some northern regions of Germany buttercup (buttercup different plant types mentioned), cow flower, May flower or milk cheque mentioned, in Thuringia popularly also milk shrubs, in the Swiss also Saublueme, , Schwiiblueme, , Sunnewirbel or . In parts of the Eifel the dandelion is called Eierpetsch and molar.

Because of its urine-driving effect the dandelion is also well-known lit as Pissblume (Bergi country), Seichkraut (Bavaria), Bettsoicher (Swabia), Bettpisser and (Pfalz), Bettseicher or Bettsaier (Saarland), piss EN (piss into the bed, France translates), dog flower, Pisser and .

Contents materials

Contents materials are bitter materials (Taraxacin), Inulin, Cholin, Vitamin C and Vitamin B2, resins, Triterpene (Taxasterolderivate) and high Kaliumgehalt.Als a most important component applies the Taraxacin, which is contained in root and herb.

Use

Medicine

The milk was used in former times for the treatment of eye diseases (Greek taraxis = eye inflammation and akeomai = I healed).

Dandelion is used for cellulose change activation. It is a Cholergikum (Gallenmittel) and thus gastric juice-energizing, Gallesekretion and the emptying of the Gallenblase promotes, is pankreassaftanregend and energizes the elimination over liver and kidney (diuretische effect).

The following plant parts are used as drug:

• Dandelion sheets (syn. Dandelion herb) as Taraxaci folium (syn. Folium Taraxaci, Herba Taraxaci, Taraxaci herba);
• Dandelion root (syn. Cow flower root, Seicherwurzel) as Taraxaci radix (syn. Radix lentis leonis, Radix Taraxaci);
• Dandelion root with herb (syn. Dandelion, dandelion complete plant, Pissblume) as Taraxaci radix cum herba (syn. Herba Taraxaci cum radice, Radix Taraxaci cum herba).

Also in the the plant is used.

• Taraxacum officinale HAVE 1; Dandelion, which whole, freshness, flowering plant. Area of application: Liver illnesses and digesting complaints.
• Taraxacum officinale RH HAVE 1; the whole, fresh, flowering plant. Area of application: In the anthroposophischen therapy direction.

People medicine

In the people medicine dandelion is used for blood cleaning, with rheumatism tables illnesses, charge, Ekzemen, liver illnesses and to the Diurese. As is the case for the (Chelidonium majus) the milk was used also for the treatment by warts. Dandelion is used also for the Vorbeugung against rheumatism.

Other

By the early appearance of the blooms this kind is an important bee pasture, in addition, which serves the development of the bee colonies in the spring with larger occurrences a Honigernte made possible.

Of the dried root of the plant in the post-war period a spare coffee was made (Zichorienwurzelersatz). The yellow blooms are suitable outstanding for the production of a good-tasting, honey-similar syrup or jelly as bread upstroke. The young tasting only easily bitter sheets of the dandelion can be processed as game salad. With a bacon cream sauce this is considered as if delicate-eat.

Above all children avail themselves the which gespleist at end a results in. One tears the in strips and puts her afterwards in the water to form by the different absorbency of the internal and outside layer spirals.

In lawns, patches and paved surfaces dandelion is felt frequently as unwanted weeds. Outdoing becomes laborious by hand, since the deep stake roots must be completely removed, so that the plant does not recover. A proven house means for the fight against dandelion is centric covering of each plant with a scarce food salt, which leads to dying the plant within some hours.

Trivia

A dandelion, on crawler-type vehicle and Falter of the grey stretching foot sit, were shown on the back of the 500-DM-Banknote.

Related links

• Contents materials of the dandelion
• Nearly everything over the dandelion

• Dandelion in the nature encyclopedia
• Photo: Dandelion meadow
• The dandelion

Articles in category "Usual dandelion"

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