The trumpet tree plants (Bignoniaceae) are a bloom plant family within that the (Lamiales).

Spreading

The spreading emphasis of the trumpet tree plants lies in the Tropics and Subtropen. Particularly numerously they are represented in central and South America, so that their development center is assumed there.

Description

The family representatives are predominantly holzige plants: Trees and bushes, as well as Lianen. There are however also one year's and krautige plant types of several years.

The sheets are simply, often however pinnated with some kinds, whereby they can be reshuffled with the Lianen also to climbing, partly with Haftscheiben.

The blooms possess often a broadly or bell-like crown and two differently long pairs of dust sheets (sometimes to a pair reduces). Several kinds are dusted by bats.

Use

Wood

Some kinds of the kind Tabebuia have economic meaning as suppliers of hard, mushroom-resistant wood (so-called wood). Valuable wood supplies also Paratecoma peroba.

Ornamental plants

Because of their remarkable blooms become particularly the orange-flowering African one the tulip tree in the Tropics and Subtropen (Spathodea campanulata, Spathodea nilotica) as well as the blue-violet flowering Palisanderholzbaum (Jacaranda mimosifolia) cultivated. With Spathodea and Jacaranda also the wood can be used.

In Central European park plants one meets occasionally on representatives of the trumpet trees (kind Catalpa).

As ornamental plants among other things also representative of the kinds serves Incarvillea (partly krautig), Campsis, Bignonia, Tecomaria and Eccremocarpus.

Further use possibilities

From Central America the Kalebassenbaum (Crescentia cujete) originates, its fruits as drinking container or Rumba rattles use finds.

The fruits of the liver sausage tree occurring in the tropical Africa (Kigelia pinnata) gave because of their form and length (approx. 60 cm) its name to the tree. It people-medically begun, e.g. against queue bite.

The root crust of the small tree Oroxylum growing in Southeast Asia indicum is used among other things there against failure.

Numerous kinds of the Bignoniaceen an effect is attributed as aphrodisiac.

Systematics

The Bignoniaceae can be arranged into four tri bus with more than 120 kinds and about 650 kinds. The classification of the family into the (Lamiales), made here, was disputed; some Systematiker pointed it instead the order Braunwurzartige (Scrophulariales) too.

Kinds (selection)

Literature

• Gentry, A.H. (1980): Flora Neotropica: Bignoniaceae - part II
• Heywood, per cent, Hrsg. (1982): Bloom plants of the world. Basel
• Urania Pflanzenreich, Bd. Bloom plants 2 (1994), Urania publishing house Leipzig

Related links

• Bignoniaceae
• ITIS 34305

Articles in category "Trumpet tree plants"

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