Transsaharahandel the trade is called, the inside Africa with the Mediterranean world connected.

The origins of the trade between west and Central Africa as well as the Mediterranean world lie in the dark. First historical excessive quantities report in the antique one of the Garamanten in Fessan, which organized the trade between Leptis Magna in Tripolitanien and the Chad area. This trade experienced 1 since that. Century v. Chr. by the ascent of the Roman realm a strong upswing. Above all gold, slaves, ivory and exotic animals for the Roman circus fights were acted in the exchange with Roman Luxuswaren. Great importance for the upswing of the Transsaharahandels had also the increasing spreading of the camel in North Africa since that 1. Century.

Since that 5. Century came it by the emergence of Ghana (see: Richly of Ghana) in the western Sahara to a new upswing of the trade. By the emergence of a social Oberschicht in the Niger Senegal area rose for demand luxury goods from the north substantially. The intensification of the trade was substantially favoured also by the national protection by Ghana. Favouring for the Goldhandel in response also the development of the salt mines of Taghaza and Idschil in today's Algeria affected itself, since salt was very desired in the tropical west Africa. Terminator point of the trade in the Maghreb was in the 11. Century Sidschilmasa.

Under the Songhaireich starting from approximately 1400 ascended Timbuktu at the Niger to the most important commercial centre in the Sahelzone. It became by the close contacts with the Maghreb also center of the Islamic culture in the western Africa. However the Songhaireich was smashed 1591 by a Moroccan invasion. This led to a substantial impairment of the trade in the central Sahara, since in the consequence an order-keeping power was missing, which could secure the commercial routes. Therefore the Transsaharahandel in 17 shifted. Century on the way from the Chad lake to Tripoli ("Bornustrasse").

This shift of the trade routes justified the economic upswing of the Haussareiche and the renewed ascent of the realm Bornu in the Chad area. After by the European navigation at the coast of west Africa the Goldhandel had lost by the Sahara at meaning, the slave trade with the Islamic world increased over the Chad Tripoli route substantially. To in 19. Century could maintain the Transsaharahandel its economic meaning for the realms in the Sahelzone. Even if since existence of the trade by the Sahara the main routes shifted again and again, also Nebenrouten were continued to use and/or again opened. With colonial subjecting by France, the handels and trade relations of inside Africa aligned themselves finally to the coastal regions at the Atlantic.

Articles in category "Transsaharahandel"

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