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A traffic accident is in, at least for a person involved in accident unexpected sudden event, which stands in the causal connection with the traffic and a damage to property and/or a personal injury to the consequence has. Accidents with participation of rail, air or vessels are traffic accidents however strictly taken likewise in the broader sense of the word.
A person involved in accident, who departs after a traffic accident, without the damage the data to a vehicle, its person and the kind of its participation to indicate, makes himself i.d.R. because of bad removing from the accident place (in Austria: Case of hit and run) punishable.
Traffic accidents can have different causes. They cannot be traffic-dependent traffic-dependently or. As traffic-dependent damage are considered in particular breakdowns (for example engine or flat tyres) and diseases (driving unfitness, cardiac infarct). These damage can exert however influence on the traffic happening and cause thus a traffic accident.
A very frequent accident trip is however superelevated speed, due to those the driver control of its vehicle loses. This can then e.g. with another vehicle or an article at the edge of the lane, about a tree or a wall, collides or to perhaps also estimate itself. Such accidents are favoured by ice, Aqua Planing or other influences of the weather, which makes control more difficult of the vehicle. Also the inadvertence in the traffic or a very aggressive style of driving can cause accidents. So road signs can be surveyed or dangers in time not be recognized. Insufficient safety margin can lead to a rear end collision. Particularly telephoning to tax led again and again to heavy traffic accidents, why it was forbidden in the meantime in many countries without free speech mechanism. Some motorists adhere nevertheless not to the regulations and read behind the steering wheel newspapers or settle other business. In order to find this danger herd, the police uses ever newer means. Drivers in the intoxication condition release particularly frequently traffic accidents, since the alcohol effect lowers to the human body the perception and reactivity among other things and thus the ability of the driver to lead its vehicle occasionally limits. The degree of the restriction depends among other things on the quantity of the consumed alcohol and the temporal distance between consumption of alcohol and the beginning of the travel. Many states issued therefore laws, which forbid a driving under influence of alcohol completely or starting from a fixed minimum parts per thousand value. Traffic accidents do not have to be however inevitably being to blame for the driver. Particularly with storm wind throw or falling rocks of vehicles can meet or vehicles themselves know by strong on the Gegenfahrbahn to be pressed and are sometimes it simply unfortunate circumstances, which release a misfortune. For the determination of the causes of traffic accidents accident reconstruction appraisals are provided, which are caught up e.g. from the courts and insurance to the determination of being to blame for or an adhesion ratio or from automakers to the improvement of their models.
The consequences of a traffic accident can be very various. They reach from easy damages of lacquer up to victims. In most cases develops only easy damage, which can be clarified without intervention of the authorities. In larger accidents the police is however usually in addition-called. If fuels in addition withdraw, then the fire-brigade becomes or the road construction load carrier alarms, eliminates which/the this. In addition also injuries can occur such as centrifuge trauma and the like with smaller accidents. With a heavy traffic accident usually ever larger personal injuries arise. Therefore emergency surgeon and police always disengage with this keyword. If persons are gotten jammed in vehicles, besides the rescue course of the fire-brigade is requested. The injuries can be so difficult with the fact that the Verunfallte with the Rettungshubschrauber must be gone on a trip or at the injuries dies. Typical injuries with traffic accidents are fractures, spinal column trauma, head cerebral trauma, squeezings and cuts, deneben can however also almost every other conceivable injury occur. In some rare cases vehicles turn out in consequence of a traffic accident in fire, explosions how often on the television are represented, do not occur however not. Vehicle fires spread very fast and produce because of the many blocked plastic parts large quantities high-poisonous gases, which makes them particularly lethal for passengers.
The police is with traffic accidents locally, in order to make police measures and activities, e.g. the identification (particulars exchange), traffic measures and communications of all kinds (e.g. traffic warning radio or member). Further tasks and activities result in the case of the pursuit of traffic criminal offences and traffic regulations adversities, the accident admission and the statistic collection and - evaluation (local accident investigation). If a message is received over a traffic accident with the rescue directing center, in some places an alignment with the police employments is transacted. If still no police employment is developed, this happens due to the report rescue directing center. This serves consistent intervening against traffic criminal offences and traffic regulations adversities.
With traffic accidents must be always counted on a multiplicity of dangers. These exist first in the traffic, which can endanger task forces. Besides it comes frequently to subsequent accidents, since Gaffer concentrate more on the accident than traffic. A well visible safeguarding of traffic in the form of warning material or a block vehicle should belong to the standard. Running out fuels lead to smooth roadways (oil pure). If the tank strikes leaking, so that fuel withdraws, then itself this can in extreme cases, e.g. by the electric circuit in the vehicle, also ignite (however, as often accepted, do not explode). Released Airbags cannot still later be released. Sharp edges can lead to substantial cuts. A special danger exists in the dangerous material transportation, which are ever more frequent on the roads on the way and which can lose their charge in an accident.
In November 2003 in Germany according to data of the Federal Statistical Office 534 road users in the traffic were killed. Since introduction of the statistics 1953 this was the few killing in one November. Further approximately 36,500 persons were hurt in November 2003. The police took up approximately 196,000 traffic accidents, of it was about 28,000 accidents with personal injury and 168,000 accidents, in which only damage to property developed.
In the entire year 2003 in Germany 6,606 (- 3,4%) road users were killed and 462,600 (- 2,9%) hurt. The police registered well 2.25 million (- 1,5%) traffic accidents, of it 330,000 accidents with personal injuries and 1.7 million accidents with damages to property. 2004 gave it for the first time since the beginning of the recordings among 6000 victims in the traffic. The number of the dead ones decreased/went back in the comparison to the previous year around approximately 11 per cent.
Intended causing of a traffic accident is in Germany a crime ("§"§ 315 exp. 3, 315b exp. 3 StGB).
Some institutions accomplish research on accidents. Traffic accidents are examined in order to determine typical causes and their specific consequences.
According to statistics Austria occurred in the year of 2004 42,700 traffic accidents with personal injury and altogether 55,900 hurt persons in Austria. In the comparison to the previous year (2003) a lighter decrease of the accident numbers resulted: The number of traffic accidents sank around 1,8% (- 769), which the hurt one likewise around 1,8% (- 1,024), as well as those the dead ones around 5,7% (- 53).
The numbers of the accidents with alkoholisierten involved one remained with 2.835 accidents, (- 0.2%), 4,017 hurt persons (- 0.1%) and 67 dead ones (- 20.2%) compared with 2003 (with exception of the dead ones) on the same Niveau,89% of the alkolisierten steering wheels taken part in accidents were almost men, the woman portion rise however continuously. Likewise rising the portion of the alkoholisierten young people, who were entangled into traffic accidents, is particularly in the group of the 20 - to
31% all in the traffic hurting and 23% of all killing were young people of 15-24 years. Particularly endangered young people are short after completing the driving licence, both for the moped, and for the passenger car.
Only 56% of the killed passenger car steering wheels and 47% of the killed passengers were buckled at the accident time, from this arise sevenfold higher risk for not buckled passenger car passengers in the case of a traffic accident to die than for those road users, who are angegurtet in the traffic on the way.
List of famous victims of car accidents (on the side "discussion")
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