Things printering (material printering) are the art to produce colored samples (Dessins) on fabrics with pressure.

Things printering been based on the same principles as the but the samples are brought out in very different way. For laying the colors or pickling on the square wood block serves in the simplest case, on which the sample EN relief is attached. One cuts the same either directly into the hard wood of the block, or gives the outlines of the figures, since the wood wears itself out easily, by hit wire nails and metal strips on and fills out the surfaces between the outlines, which are to likewise accept color, with felt or cloth. Frequently one works also with a casting of the woodcut in stereotyped metal.

That suitably adjusted fabrics is spread on a table covered with cloth, the printing form is set on the cloth in the caper box (chassis), which will always evenly provide with color must, and then on things brought. An impact with a wooden hammer on the back of the block causes that the color turns into on things. In order to reach with repeated putting of the block on the correct connection of the sample, two small pins are present, which two holes in things sting, and which set printers the pin at its left side into the hole, which when last putting the block on the pin at its right side made. The caper boxes are frequently in such a way designed that they can take up and to the block deliver several separated colors at the same time.

Instead of the wood block one uses also wooden rollers, on which the samples are raised attached in similar way. The Druckvorrichtungen with such rollers (Plombinen), which the colors of a cloth take up, are set by machines in motion and work therefore many faster than the hand pressure. Later then one gave and applies the roller up again flat printing forms to the Perrotine. On 3-4 wooden plates the printing forms made of metal alloy are fastened, which strike alternating with moderate spring pressure against things, after they are fed by color rollers with color before, while the fabric advances each time around the width of a form.

At present all Druckvorrichtungen with raised cut samples are displaced by the Walzendruckmaschine, into whose copper rollers the sample is pressed. The rollers are fed by other one, cloth-covered rollers with color and by flexible steel cuts (scraping off measurers), which closely to the rollers put on themselves, released from all color responsible at their surface, so that only the color responsible in the recesses forming the sample will transfer with strong pressure to things.

One builds such machines, which print 3, 4, in addition, 20 colors with just as many rollers; but the exact adjustment of the movement of all parts of such machines, by which the appearance of all colors in correct place becomes secured, is linked with large difficulties. The colors and pickling which can be imprinted must possess a certain consistency, so that they stick sufficiently to the form and do not run on the fabric, and to become therefore with a thickener, like flour, strength flour, Dextrin, rubber, Tragant, Salep, glue, whistle earth, sulfur-sour lead oxide etc., transferred.

In the simplest case one imprints like Ultramarin, chrome-yellow, chrome-green, Scherwolle, metallic powder etc., with a bonding agent, like protein, varnish etc., and fastens thus the colors completely mechanically on the fiber. With use of protein the printed on fabric is absorbed, in order to bring and fix thus on the fiber the protein to coagulating. With the Argentindruck fine Zinnpulver is imprinted with ammoniakalischer and provided after drying the grey metallic powder on the smoothing machine with silver-similar gloss.

The belong to the board or chemical colors (topischen colors), which is printed all already in an educated manner on things. One uses however apart from the insoluble also soluble, which become unsolvable on the fiber and thereby with the same to connect itself firmly, so that they resist like the imprinted washing. Thus one shifts a Rotholzabkochung with a tin preparation, from which tin oxide separates, which fixes itself on the fiber and which coloring material takes up. Frequently one fastens the Tafelfarben on the fabrics by effect of steam.

The witness as in the are pickled, with which thickened colors prints on and carries then absorbed, or one coloring material and pickle jointly up and adds a body, of which solved contains the color lacquer (that the coloring material with pickle forms) or which formation of this lacquer up to the operation of absorbing prevents. The adjustment takes place e.g. in the way that by absorbing acetic acid is driven out or tin chloride under evaporation of hydrogen chloride and striking down of tin oxide (with which the coloring material is connected) is decomposed on the fiber. Sometimes one adds also oxidizing a working body, like chrome-sour potassium etc., in order to reach by this when absorbing the adjustment. For the purpose of absorbing one hangs the fabric up in large closed areas in the kind that the printed on places do not touch themselves, and introduces high pressure steam, because the colors would dissolve to through damp steam.

A great many colors are brought out fixed in things printering in the kind that one pickles the white fabric with printed on, these according to the principles of the dry and the fabric then into the bring. The coloring material settles only on the printed on places, while the reason remains white or takes up so little color that it can be cleaned by a soaping or a bran bath or by weak bleaching (Buntbleiche) completely again (boiler colors, Krappfarben). One knows in addition, the fabric on the block or priming machine after its whole surface with pickles impregnates and, after the same is dried, different colors to imprint, or one colors the whole fabric out, in order to receive a colored reason, on which one produces samples by imprinting pickling and or in andre way (Klotzdruck). The padding machine consists of two with thick situations of cotton material taped brass rollers. The fabric passes twice a trough, which pickles contains, and just as often the rollers, between which it pickles very evenly with is impregnated and from surplus liquid released. By means of special devices it is then dried as fast and evenly as possible.

In order to receive on colored reason white samples, one covers the fabric before coloring with Reservagen (protection, cover pasteboards), which prevent the admission of the coloring material. As Reservagen one can use wax, resin, tallow and paraffin mixtures, also emulsion-similar liquids from tallow, and Gummischleim. Or one imprints Kupfervitriol or verdigris solution with pipe clay and rubber (white pasteboard) and colors then in the The Indigblau is fixed only at the not printed on places on the fiber, and after washing the sample printed with the cuprous salt appears white. If one mixes the Reservage pickles for a coloring material, then one knows the sample, after the fabric passed the e.g. in Krapp or the Waubad, colors (Lapisdruck). One can receive white samples on colored reason also by chemical discharges or Enlevagen. First affect pickling, the latter on the coloring material. The chemical discharges connect themselves with the cousin pickle and replace the same from the fiber. For this are suitable tartaric acid, citric acid, phosphoric acid, arsenic acid etc., also tin chloride and One prints it sufficiently thickened on the fabric, pickles the latter on the padding machine and colors it out. The sample printed with the chemical discharge remains white. Frequently one combines also chemical discharges with usual pickling. One e.g. klotzt. Iron-pickle up and print on then with a mixture of lemon juice and red-pickle, in order iron-pickle to remove in parts and through red-pickle to replace. If one imprints then still pure chemical discharge, dries and colors in the Krappbad, then one receives a white and red sample on violet reason. As Enlevage one uses chromic acid or iron perchloride or a mixture of red prussiate of potash with caustic soda (Mercers liquid) for Indigo, for Turkish-red chlorine. One e.g. prints the Turkish-red colored fabric on with tartaric acid and passes her then by a Chlorine developing in the printed on sour places destroys itself the red coloring material.

The Enlevagen can contain also a pickling, so that one can color the decolorized places other. Before application of the Enlevagen mentioned for Indigo one used the faience pressure for the production of blue figures on white reason frequently. One printed gemahlenen Indigo with iron vitriol on the white fabric and caused by alternating treatment of the same with iron vitriol solution and Kalkwasser the reduction of the Indigblaus to Indigweiss and the solution letztern in Kalkwasser. This solution penetrates into the fabric, and during effect of air then newly formed Indigblau fixes itself on the fiber (faience-blue, English, Chinese, porcelain-blue). Similarly that is describe blue (box, brush-blue), to whose production one imprints a very much concentrated from Auripigment and caustic soda with rubber thickened.

On Turkish red white samples are brought out also by Bandanendruck. One puts the fabric in 12 - until 14facher situation between two Bleiplatten, which at many the sample corresponding places perforated or cut through are, presses the plates strongly against each other and then a acidified with sulfuric acid leaves to through-seep, which destroys itself only in the cutouts corresponding the courses moved and here the coloring material. Finally one washes still under the pressure out. If one lets a solution of acetic acid lead oxide through-seep after washing and then such from chrome-sour potash, then one receives chrome-yellow yellow samples on red reason due to the education from.

The indicated methods apply first to the Kattundruck. Printing on canvas is usually limited to representation of indigblauer cloths with light blue or white samples or similar simple article. With the Wolldruck mainly board and steam colors are used. The Golgasdruck is similar to the Bandanendruck, only wool is first pickled and brought then between the broken through plates. With the Berilldruck one produces colored raised samples on wool, by imprinting thickened Tafelfarben with strength hot and the thickener far away. Silk printering resemble generally the Kattundruckerei. One imprints Tafelfarben, which one fastens with water vapours, or one imprints different pickling and colors in the With the Mandarin final jerk one prints silk on colored with Indigo with a Reservage from resin and fat, dips her then 2-3 minutes into diluted nitric acid of 50"° and washes and cooks in one with potash shifted The not reserved places are colored intensively yellow by the nitric acid.

A special position takes the pressure with tar colors. One prints the thickened on Kattun pickles up, fastens her and colors out, or one klotzt pickles up or mixes her with the coloring material, thickened, imprints the mixture, dries and absorbs. As if uses one pickles protein, adhesive and glue, gerbsauren glue, Tannin, greases oils, olein and Schelllacklsung etc.

In another procedure one falls the tar coloring material from its solution with loosens the washed precipitation in acetic acid, alcohol or wood spirit, prints the thickened solution on pickled things, absorbs and washes. One can pickle also with tin-sour soda, one with rubber thickened imprint, absorbs, pickles in a usual adjustment bath to fasten and now in an acetic acid solution of the coloring material out-color. Finally one gives still another bath with acidified water or a soaping or a bran bath.

Articles in category "Things printering"

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