Second Channel of German Television is the abbreviation for second German television, one of the largest broadcasting stations of Europe.

Convention

After the Federal Constitutional Court the countries signed the so-called Adenauer television, which had forbidden Germany television GmbH, on 6 June 1961 a convention over "a non-profit institute of the public right with the name: Second German television ". Seat of the transmitter should be Mainz, and as transmission beginning 1 July 1962 was intended; the date had to be however finally shifted on 1 April 1963. The Second Channel of German Television is an institute of the public right.

Senderkette

For a second television program the post office began around 1960 with the structure of a second Senderkette. This would send within the UHF range, which required a second antenna and a television set with extended frequency range. For older receivers the trade held special, expensive converters for approx. 80 DM ready. During transmitter planning - exactly as with the first program - an optimal receipt in as much as possible parts of the GDR played an important role.

The first attempt transmission radiated the Second Channel of German Television at the night of 19. on the 20. March 1963 over the transmitter field mountain out; the second attempt transmission at the night of 26. on that 27. March over all transmitters of the chain. To this time could 61% the TV subscriber be achieved. As is the case for the pool of broadcasting corporations the first color attempt transmission ran on 3 July 1967 and the rule enterprise starting from 25 August 1967, in the meantime amounted to the range approx. 80% the participant.

Pool of broadcasting corporations 2

In order to be able to use the Senderkette already once to animate and the spectators to the UHF receipt one permitted the pool of broadcasting corporations with the program pool of broadcasting corporations 2 a limited second program, which would send o'clock daily from 20 to 22. Its kind of sending: 1. May 1961 in the transmission area of the HR and one month later country widely. It was limited first by 30 June 1962 and became then up to 30. March 1963 extends. With the pool of broadcasting corporations one hoped to be allowed to radiate thereafter a third program which could be realized for lack of free frequencies however not immediately.

Eschborn and Wiesbaden

The transmit mode Second Channel of German Television began in that provisional Studios in Eschborn, which one had taken over from that free television society. Some former labour camp buildings, a scenario described gladly with Telesibirsk concerned a farm and. In it 2 of Studios with 230 m was accommodated and/or 160 m and 3 cameras each, furthermore a Synchronstudio with 2 additional cameras, so that it could serve also for announcements. In addition were available: 1 magnetic spectrum plant, 3 Filmabtaster for 16 mm and 35 mm, a 16-mm-Aufzeichnungsanlage and a 16-mm-Entwicklung.

The board of directors found a development in Eschborn as too expensive, whereupon a removal in the provisional Studiokomplex the rope US film GmbH in Wiesbaden, under which oaks took place. There one took up the transmit mode on 1 April 1964. On the area the rope US film the transmission line, current service and technology were accommodated, on an adjacent property cut area, Kopierwerk, photo laboratory and chief editorship. Beyond that the Second Channel of German Television up to 30 had rented areas in the region Mainz/Wiesbaden, in which for example central archives or the synchronisation were.

Mainz lark mountain

Planning planned from the beginning a central location for all departments. For this the Second Channel of German Television bought one 1.04 million m on 25 June 1964 large, in the Mainzer quarter lark mountain convenient property. In the first section a building for the mobile transmission units at the beginning of 1967 could be referred; the second section, the editorship and administration building in the spring 1974. And after six-year construction period the new transmission center then finally took up its enterprise on 6 December 1984.

Today the transmitter has 17 Inlandsstudios (one in each state capital; in Berlin additionally the Hauptstadtstudio) as well as 18 Auslandsstudios, of it two in the USA (New York, Washington D.C.).

Financial situation

The financing Second Channel of German Television became very difficult in the first years. From 5 DM radio and licence fees went to 1.35 DM or 27% to the post office for the transmitter net and the fee introduction, which remainder got to 70% the pool of broadcasting corporations and to 30% the Second Channel of German Television, which constituted 1.095 DM - only 1972 came it to an increase of the broadcast fees. During the half of the incomes had to be passed on to the pool of broadcasting corporations, afterwards the Bavarian broadcast prepared annoyance with its point of view, the convention hurts the Basic Law and the Bavarian national condition, whereupon the payments ended on 1 September 1963 and flowed only after after a judgement of the Federal Administrative Court from 5 November 1965 again. Also the incomes from advertising stayed in the first years behind expectations.

Today the fee introduction center (GEZ) draws in 17.03 "€ monthly per household, from which approximately 4.20 arrives "€ at the Second Channel of German Television. The budget is with approx. 1.6 billion "€ (conditions: June 2005)

Coworker

The Second Channel of German Television started with nearly 2200 employees coworkers, a number slowly on 3000 rose firmly.

Program

On 1 April 1963 the transmit mode began second with the Slogan "on first ", whereby the program essentially consisted Berlin melody "of the noted first maintenance transmission "with music of old Berlin. In the first year the transmissions produced for the FFG played still another substantial role, in addition one tried with sport broadcasts to shine particularly to the current Sportstudio - extremely successful -. With the removal to Wiesbaden came the turntable, a well-known previous evening ending, which summarized many past councellor endings. Now also the transmitting time could be expanded gradually.

Advertisement

As also first may show the Second Channel of German Television advertisement to 20,00 o'clock. The advertisement takes approx. 1-3 minutes and interrupts rarely a transmission. To sun and no advertisement may be sent to country wide holidays.

Technical facilities

In the first decades of its existence the Second Channel of German Television radiated its program exclusive over the second terrestrial Senderkette in the Federal Republic of Germany. This is operated, differently than the transmitters of the first television program of the pool of broadcasting corporations von T-System (daughter of the German Telekom AG), in former times of the Federal Post Office. As is the case for the pool of broadcasting corporations also here many transmitters were in such a way platziert before 1990 that they were receiptable also in far areas of the GDR, where the Second Channel of German Television had many spectators. Since December 1990 the program is radiated also over various transmitters in the new Lands of the Federal Republic. Are used here frequencies, which were intended once for a possible third television program of the GDR.

Since the first cable pilot projects is represented the Second Channel of German Television also in the cable television. The European-wide satellite radiant emittance over Astra 1C began in August 1993 to the international radio exhibition in Berlin. In the same decade the digital radiant emittance over cables and satellite began.

Since 2002 the Second Channel of German Television over DVB-T is to be received also digitally in the developed regions.

Program pallet

The Second Channel of German Television operates (except the actual Second Channel of German Television program) in co-operation with other broadcast and/or TV organizations the following programs:

• 3sat
• Phoenix
• ARTE
• KI.KA

In its digital package (DVB) Second Channel of German Television vision are additionally free to receive:

• Second Channel of German Television info. channel
• ZDFdokukanal
• Second Channel of German Television theatre channel

Director

The Second Channel of German Television is led by a director, who is selected by the television advice.

The past office holders are:

• 1963-1977: Professor Karl Holzamer
• 1977-1982: Karl of hare
• 1982-2002: Professor Dr. h." C. Dieter Stolte
• since 2002: Markus

Articles in category "Second Channel of German Television"

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