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Buna is in GET rising up a registered trade mark of the I.G. - Dye industry and stands for a synthetic india rubber. The production of Buna was a substantial restaurant factor of the extermination camp Auschwitz.
The styrene butadiene india rubber was developed 1927 by the German chemist Walter support in Leverkusen. 1929 receive the industrial union colors AG the first associated patent. Starting from 1937 Buna was for the first time industrially produced, since the National Socialist regime had to become independent in the context of the war preparations of the import of the natural rubber. The name explains itself from the initial letters of the chemicals, which are needed for the synthesis: Butadiene and sodium. Sodium functioned as catalyst for the polymerization butadiene. Buna (- S) is however more exactly one copolymer from 70% butadiene and 30% styrene contrary to natural rubber, a biochemical Isopren polymer.
In the autumn 1935 in Schkopau north of Merseburg in the today's Saxonia-Anhalt, where this very day the local part "Buna (works) is", by the I.G. dye industry a first manufacturing plant was established. As energy source the brown coal diminished in the hostage valley and the neighbouring Leunawerke served supplied the necessary hydrogen. The mass production took place starting from 1939. The procedure was assigned a 74-prozentige subsidiary of the industrial union colors, also under license to the chemical works , which had been created for the purpose of Buna production 1938 in Marl. The mining company Hibernia, which possessed the remaining 26 per cent of the portions, supplied the necessary raw materials. The mass production was also here three years later in enterprise.
A third work was not realized end of the thirties in prince mountain and was not built instead of its since 1940 in Ludwigshafen. Starting from 1941 the building of a further fourth 20 square kilometers large Bunawerkes finally took place with the concentration camp Auschwitz III mono joke via the industrial union colors. Although for the building of this work ten thousands, perhaps even hundredthousands of forced laborers had to work themselves systematically to death, it never came to the completion. The average life expectancy of a forced laborer with the building of this work amounted to three months, and the labour camp counted up to hundred out one hundred prisoners. Primo Levi, one of the few survivors, describes the cruel circumstances with the building of this work in its book is that
For the USA synthetic production received meaning of india rubber, after Japan in the Second World War had cut the USA off of its most important india rubber supplier Malaysia. The patents for Buna lay however with the standard oil OF new jersey, which itself due to an agreement with the industrial union colors refused releasing the Buna patents for the American market on which a commission of inquiry standard oil OF accused new jersey of a "continued conspiracy in favor of Germany" and of "betrayal" spoke Harry S. Truman on a press conference. The American congress decided the release of the Buna patents for America, the standard oil OF new jersey had giving way.
After the Second World War production was forbidden by the British crew administration, released in the year 1950 however as a result of the Korea war again.
In the meantime there are different Buna types, which of the Bavarian is offered to Buna AG for the production of different manufactured products such as sheaths, seals, hoses or conveyors.
| Year | Arise altogether | of it synthetic production | in per cent |
| 1939 | 99 | 22 | 22 |
| 1940 | 57 | 40 | 70 |
| 1941 | 96 | 69 | 72 |
| 1942 | 123 | 98 | 80 |
| 1943 | 124 | 117 | 94 |
| 1944 | 104 | 104 | 100 |
Until today the chemical works (CWH) apply people-verbally as "Buna", although long different chemical products ran off such as washing powder, shampoo additives etc. the synthetic rubber rank. The CWH belonged in former times to the industrial union colors, later to the VEBA and today to the Degussa.
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