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The term service company is based on the three-sector hypothesis of Jean
From the number of employed persons or the portion of the BSP (gross national product) it can be read off that Germany to end 19. Century an agrarian company, into the 70's 20. Century an industrial company was. The expansive tertiary sector overhauled then into the 1970ern the secondary sector and one can since then in the FRG of a service company speak.
By the productivity increase in the first two sectors workers became free and the service range served as "catchment basins "for the free workers. Besides from activities, those to the core authority belong and do not buy these achievements with specialized Dienstleistern in the context enterprises separate outsourcing. Examples: Maintenance, EDP, guard service.
In recent time the technical progress led in addition, in the service sector to substantial productivity increases and hereby connected to lay-offs and scientific criticism at the which is the basis theory released.
By the rising real income also the private, purchase-strong demand for services grows. This is strengthened by the changes in the living conditions (sinking work time --> demand for leisure offers) and in the population structure (aging of the population --> increased need at hospital services).
Additionally there is a increased need in the range of planning and execution of goods production and the distribution of the goods according to services within the producing trades. One speaks industriellen in this connection also of a service company in the industrialized countries.
A further cause for it is the increasing complexity of social and economic systems. The need of regulation, switching and control rises. Altogether the development leads thus to far intensified division of labor; it comes at the same time to increased the society.
The GDR had the same socio-economic structure at the time of the case of wall (1989) as the FRG around 1965. The causes for it lie in the low productivity and the neglect of the service sector by the socialist economic planning. Too many humans were in the first two sectors busy. The use and extent of work of services are with difficulty in advance flatable. In addition the service sector was regarded as range, which verzehrt national income; it did not fit accordingly into the ideology of the worker and farmer state. After the reunification the new Lands of the Federal Republic developed fast to a service company. This is to be due particularly to the Deindustrialisierung.
Job market altogether: The occupations with the highest occupation increases are about: Office forces, occupations of care and data processing specialists. The requirements of the employees rise particularly within the range of the technical and contentwise qualification and the social authority (for example team ability and self-sufficiency).
Over centuries the meaning layer of the farmers lost ever more at meaning. Today they are in the European Union with less than 1 per cent portion of all employed persons one size which can be being been neglecting. The farmers have substantial net assets, but their financial situation is frequently very strained. With an average number of hours worked per week of 59 hours the average net household income per head is even lower than a worker.
Since the industriellen revolution in 18. Jhd. the workers were a dominating layer to it end of the 70's (20. Jhd were replaced.) from the officials and employees. In the course of the Wirtschaftswunders in terms of figures shrinking workers ascended socially. It achieved a higher standard of living and a better social security, but their heavy physical load remained. Children from worker families have still worse education chances and the worker environment remain under itself. Humans, who belong to the workers, have generally a lower social reputation. The danger to become unemployed is higher for humans from this social class.
Employee and an official: Today the largest group is in the center of the society those the employees. This social layer steps for the first time around the turn of 19. to 20. Century in feature. Until today their portion of the employed persons up to 50 per cent rose. One can arrange their activities into three classical ranges: Commercial activities, technical activities and office and administrative activities. Many employees are in addition, in the vocational fields traffic, communication and information. Most employees are in the tertiary sector. Since the Tertiarisierung of the secondary sector it in addition an increasing number of employees in the industry gives.
The typical occupations of the service company are considered as rationalization resistant, since often the quality of the work depends on its quantity.
See also: Sector of the economy
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