Schleppnetzfischerei designates fishing with nets, which become pulled behind a ship (dragged). Schleppnetze are today the most important fishing devices of the deep sea fishery.

Schleppnetze

A Schleppnetz is of one or more Trawlern after-dragged net, which is used to the catch by swarm fish or basic fish. Today above all two types are used by Schleppnetzen:

• the pelagische Schleppnetz or Schwimmschleppnetz
• and the basic dragging net or Trawl.

General for construction

A Schleppnetz is a net, which is pulled to one or more ships of by the water. It reminds of a horizontal bag, which becomes too narrower to the rear. It possesses a very far opening. This is produced for lying flotation chambers by the skillful cultivation of at the lower side which are weights and because of the upper side.

The mesh size of the net is completely co-ordinated with the fish type which can be caught. The meshes are however larger at the opening ever than at the end of the net, the so-called "Steert".

see also: Schetel

Pelagi Schleppnetze

Pelagi Schleppnetze are designed for the catch of fish types, which live in the free water, for example all round fish such as Rotbarsch, Kabeljau, sea-salmon and also Makrelen, herrings, Sprotten, anchovies and to the small part also Sardinen.

A pelagisches Schleppnetz is and runs out at the end in a bag, which Steert, in which the fish are collected. The opening of the net is 50 to 70 m high and 80 to 120 m broad, the overall length of the net amounts to usually 1500 M. the nets at a speed of 3-4 knots (about 5 km/h) in depth of water from 50 to 300 m, sometimes up to 600 m, of one or two Trawlern (bottom plate fishery) is dragged. The detection of the fish usually happens when fishing with pelagischen Schleppnetzen by means of sonar and Echolot.

Basic dragging nets

Basic dragging nets are built for the catch by basic fish such as Scholle, sea-tongue, Klie (flat fish), and crustaceans such as lobsters or shrimps, which live on the sea-bottom.

Also the basic dragging net is and possesses at the end a catch bag for the fish, is however altogether clearly shorter than the pelagische net. On the lower surface of the net entrance is a weighted basic rope, which is pulled over the bottom of the sea and which is to aufscheuchen fish. In addition modern basic dragging nets possess lateral Scherbretter made of wood or steel, by which a larger range bottom of the sea is Basic dragging nets are inserted into water depths by 100 to 1500 m. Basic dragging net fishery can to be e.g. endangered deep sea organisms as the Seamounts.

Operational area

Schleppnetze are used particularly in the North Atlantic. The prominent dragging net fishery nations are here France, Ireland, the Netherlands, England, Denmark and Spain. Among other things the fish types Thunfisch, Barsch, herring, Makrelen, Pferdemakrelen and Anchovis become imprisoned. In addition, Schleppnetze are used into the north and Baltic Sea to the catch by sand shrimps; these are well-known also under the name crabs or Baltic Sea crabs.

Disadvantages and dangers

Many environmental protection organizations express themselves clearly against the Schleppnetzfischerei, since with this catch method the sea-bottom and the natures living on it are destroyed. According to the British science magazine "new Scientist" (No. 2410, P. 6) is destroyed probably also so far still unknown and not discovered animal species and the diversity of species is strongly contained.

In addition they criticize the high portion of Beifang, which results from the use of Schleppnetzen and is thrown frequently directly again into the sea. Among them both young fish fall as well as other (fish) kinds and Cetacea (whales and dolphins).

The prohibition of basic dragging nets is a substantial goal of Greenpeace.

Related links

• '' www.fischmarkt-bremerhaven.de '' - representation of different net types
• '' www.greenpeace.org.uk '' - representation of a pelagischen Schleppnetzes animated (English)

Articles in category "Schleppnetzfischerei"

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