The rose plants (Rosaceae) are a family of the Bedecktsamer (Magnoliophyta). It is a very multiform family, which is arranged into 4 Unterfamilien.

In Central Europe domestic wild-increasing kinds (selection)

Game-increasing one can find the following kinds in Central Europe for example: Strawberries (Fragaria), (Filipendula), Odermennige (Agrimonia), meadow button (Sanguisorba), Nelkenwurz (Geum), finger herb (Potentilla), woman Mrs. (Alchemilla), Geissbart (Aruncus), Silberwurz, Brombeeren (Rubus), roses (pink ones) and white thorn (Crataegus).

Ornamental plants

When ornamental plants beside the rose are in parks and gardens the finger herbs, Spiraea kinds (mirror-image-firstsmoke), Cotoneaster kinds, admits rock pears, Zierquitten, fire thorn.

Useful plants

Particularly as useful plants are to be emphasized numerous fruit places. Thus belong strawberries, Him and Brombeeren here, apples, pears, Quitten, plums, cherries, peaches, apricots, Marillen and almonds, to further white thorn, Mispel, Wollmispel, Schlehe, grape/cluster cherry and Speierling.

Homeland

During apple, pear and sweet cherry also in Central Europe are domestic, originate Quitten, sour cherries, plums and almonds from Anterior Asia, apricots from Turkmenistan and the peach from China.

Many of these fruit trees were already introduced outgoing from the Romans from small Asia to Italy and from there into other areas of the Roman realm. The sour cherry is to have bring along Lucullus of the campaign against Mithridates.

Morphology

Sheets

There is mostly simple sheets, which are at the edge ganzrandig or. The sheets are rare pinnated (goose finger herb, bird berry.) are always (Stipeln, sheet-like excrescences at the beginning of the Blattstiels) available, sometimes are the only well with leaves-drove out to see, because with some kinds the fast withered drop and.

Blooms

The bloom are developed and with double or different bloom covering. In addition, the blooms are usually them can be occasionally Furthermore the can be missing. Can be present from a Staubbaltt to very many whereby the latter is to be found more frequently. Often there is then The always is with unverwachsenen these can have grown together however enclosed by the bloom soil or even with it, so that a under-constant Fruchtknoten develops. Depending upon Unterfamilien very few can be present to infinitely many Fruchtknoten.

Fruits

The fruits are with the Spiraeoideae of follicles, that are very original and simply built fruits. With the Rosoideae there is nut fruits, which sit to many in collecting fruits. The cores of the Maloideae sit to few to one in seed chambers embedded, coated from the Fruchtfleisch, which is formed from the bloom soil. With the Amygdaloideae the Fruchtfleisch coats in each case an individual stone core.

Systematics

One differentiates between 95 kinds with altogether about 2830 kinds. The family is divided into four Unterfamilien, which are specified with in Central Europe the domestic and the most important kinds cultivated here.

Unterfamilie Spiraeoideae

Major item: Spiraeoideae

That is a group of relatively original kinds. In each case in a bloom are many from this many follicles develop.

• Mirror-image-firstsmoke (Spiraea)
• Geissbart (Aruncus)

Unterfamilie Rosoideae

Major item: Rosoideae

The representatives of these Unterfamilie are very multiform. There are Stauden and shrubs. The fruits are frequently usually to many in collecting fruits (Hagebutte, strawberry). Branch axle (pink ones) or fleshy thickens (Fragaria). With Rubus (Brombeere, raspberry) it concerns not around berries, but at the thickened branch axle (practical: Many small cherries combined into a Sammelsteinfrucht).

• (Filipendula)
• Odermennige (Agrimonia)
• Aremonien (Aremonia)
• Meadow button (Sanguisorba)
• Nelkenwurz (Geum)
• Waldsteinien (Waldsteinia)
• Finger herb (Potentilla)
• Strawberries (Fragaria)
• Illusory strawberries (Duchesnea)
• Gelblinge (Sibbaldia)
• Woman Mrs. (Alchemilla)
• Field woman Mrs. (Aphanes)
• Brombeeren (Rubus)
• Roses (pink ones)

Unterfamilie of pomiferous plants or apple plants (Maloideae)

Major item: Pomiferous plants

This Unterfamilie contains kinds, whose fruits all are very similar to the apple. The seeds (cores) are here enclosed into the thickened branch axle. The are reduced into their number per bloom, with the apple for example are it five (according to then the seed chambers in the apple). It is thus already a group of more highly developed kinds.

• Quitten (Cydonia)
• Pears (Pyrus)
• Apples (penalty)
• Flour berries (Sorbus)
• Rock pears (Amelanchier)
• Apple berries (Aronia)
• White thorn (Crataegus)
• Mispeln (Mespilus)
• Zierquitten, or Scheinquitten mentioned, (Chaenomeles)
• Zwergmispeln (Cotoneaster)
• Fire thorn (Pyracantha)
• Wollmispel, Nespoli or Loquat, (Eriobotrya japonica)
• Heteromeles
• Stranvaesia (see Photinia)
• Osteomeles
• Photinia
• Rhaphiolepis

Unterfamilie of drupes (Amygdaloideae)

This Unterfamilie contains kinds, which are most highly developed within the rose plants. The number of per bloom is reduced to one, from this the individual stone core per fruit develops. In these Unterfamilie is there only the one kind: Prunus. Here the most important kinds of useful plant are called, besides there is still another large number of ornamental shrubs.

• The kind Prunus arranged into 6 Untergattungen:
  • Subgenus Amygdalus: Almonds (P. dulcis) and peaches (P. persica)
  • Subgenus Prunus: Plums and apricots
  • Subgenus Cerasus: Cherries: (P. cerasus) and (P. avium)
  • Subgenus Padus: Grape/cluster cherries (P. padus)
  • Subgenus Laurocerasus: Kirschlorbeer (P. laurocerasus), evergreen shrubs, not in Central Europe domestic however in many parks and gardens cultivated.
  • Subgenus Lithocerasus

unclear allocation

• or Kerrien (Kerria)
• Blasenspieren (Physocarpus)
• Fiederspieren (Sorbaria)
• Silberwurz (Dryas)

See also

Fire fire (bacteria contamination)

Articles in category "Rose plants"

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