Renault [] is a French car manufacturer. After the strategic alliance between Renault and Nissan in the year 1999 is Renault/Nissan of one of the largest car manufacturers of the world. World-wide work over 132.000 coworkers at Renault. It is with large distance the strongest foreign automobile mark in Germany and holds a market share around the 6.5% (2002) with the passenger cars and the light commercial motor vehicles. World-wide Renault/Nissan sold in the year 2002 over 5.1 million vehicles.

History

Establishment and initial years

Christmas 1898 was created the enterprise "Renault "(brothers Renault) by Louis, Fernand and Marcel Renault. Louis Renault led the enterprise from 1898 to 1944. Apart from the line of the enterprise it was further active as technicians. This led across the years to numerous patents, which revolutionized the automobiles world. Exemplarily are here the cardan shaft, the spark plug which can be screwed in or the turbo compressor (turbocharger), likewise mentioned the seat belt, the first V8-Motor for an airplane and the drum brake.

The development of the exempt private company progressed fast, then Renault employed around already 1900 over 100 coworkers. Renault created the break-through from the exempt private company to the large industrial trust in the year 1906, when Paris taxi enterprises with Renault ordered 1500 taxes.

Early 20. Century

Renault began already early with the production of commercial motor vehicles. 1909 gave it already 3 - and 5-Tonner, 1915 a tractor with all-wheel drive and - to steering element.

1913 produced Renault the 10.000ste car. This number at cars was enough nearly to the production numbers of Ford and was singular in Europe.

By the First World War production changed. No more cars were manufactured, but military equipment, engines for tanks and airplanes and ammunition. Renault was characterised also here by innovative technical solutions. Like that the Renault FT 17 was the first tank with a swivelling tower and a self-supporting body.

A further myth of the world war became the model Renault AX, which was used primarily by Taxifahrern. When at the beginning of the war the army could not bring the troops fast to enough to the front to the Marne, took over that those Paris Taxifahrer with its Renault AX taxes.

The time between the world wars

To the First World War Renault returned again to autoproduction. One began as with most car manufacturers also easily modified Vorkriegsmodellen. But soon Renault with the multiplicity of its automodels, already expanded, but did not only dare itself even into further sections, like e.g. the production of boat engines, forwards.

1929 were introduced the first Diesel truck. In the 30's they found a large spreading.

At present production went to the world economic crisis into the direction of energy-saving vehicles. Thus the Renault 6CV used around the 3.7 litres fuel on 100 km.

Into the 1930er years developed Renault a manufacturing plant on the Seine island Seguin. On the 70,000 m large island the largest and most modern automobile work in Europe developed. Outside of the USA Renault was now in the possession of the longest assembly-line route, which 1.5 km was long.

Up to the outbreak of the Second World War Renault produced predominantly representative luxury automobiles.

The Second World War and thereafter

During the Second World War Renault truck for the German army produced, therefore the production works Renaults were in March 1942 attack targets of the allied ones. Thus production came briefly to succumbing.

Louis Renault was accused co-operation with the national socialists. It died 1944 in the prison. Thus on 16 January 1945 Renault and Pierre Lefaucheux as a general manager was conveyed to the French state was used.

Automobile production was only limited after the Second World War to the Renault 4CV .

From the union of the production of heavy trucks von Renault with Latil and Somua 1957 Saviem developed.

Under the aspect, a company of the people to be, interspersed Renault into the 1960er years the paid third and fourth vacation week. From the production view this time brought models out like the Renault R4 or the Renault R16.

Renault set already at that time on the export and came thereby not only into France to the point of the permissions, but also into Europe far forward.

In the following time Renault grows incessant and tries with other enterprises to cooperate and/or by firm buyings up further expand.

On operation of the French state 1975 the commercial motor vehicle manufacturer Berliet is integrated into the Renault company and 1978 with Saviem to the new company Renault Industriels (short: RVI) united. The two past label names are replaced still until 1980 resumed, then however by the mark Renault, which appears to moderately severe and heavy commercial motor vehicles for the first time thereby since 1957.

In the year 1979 Renault acquires a participation of 10% at the US-American truck manufacturer Mack Trucks, which is supplemented to 1983 gradually on 40% and 1987 are passed on at RVI.

End 20. Century

1983 transfer the RVI Dodge Europe, in the same year the series G260/290 of the titles Truck OF the Year were lent. In America under the direction of Renault the models R9 and R11 are sold as AMC (American of engine corporation) Alliance and Encore. Develops a Cabriolet on basis of the R9, which was never sold in this form in Germany.

In the years 1985 ago production decreased/went back with Renault. In order to escape from this crisis, entire Kraft on new products one set. of these intensive efforts were the Renault R25 and the Espace, which can be regarded as founders of the Minivans in Europe. Briefly after it still the Renault 19 associated and helped Renault to make again profit.

On 17 November 1986 the French boss was shot by Renault Georges Besse by terrorists of the group of Action Directe.

1987 gained Renault again a profit of several billions francs.

1990 buy the RVI the remaining portions of Mack Trucks. 1991 become the revolutionary AE Truck OF the Year. From Renault Industriels becomes 1992 the Renault V.I.

In the year 1996 Renault is again denationalized. Nevertheless billions euro at debts are issued to the enterprise again and again surprisingly.

Current

With the introduction on the market of the truck series "AE" Renault revolutionized the entire European truck market. This vehicle had a driving cab, which accommodated the cab clearly more highly than so far and so that continuous even soil and standing height to the driver offered, which was gladly accepted by the transportation economy. Further truck manufacturers oriented themselves at the Renault. For example DaimlerChrysler with the "Actros" - series or the TG of MAN ONES.

In order to demonstrate possibilities for the lowering of the fuel need, Greenpeace at comparatively small expenditure reduced the consumption of the Twingo by 50%.

The "Renault V.I." is integrated 2001 into the group of trucks of Volvo and is called starting from 2002 Renault Trucks. Since short Renault with the Finnish manufacturer SISU cooperates.

In the year 2002 Renault took part with the automarks Nissan (44%), later with Volvo (20%) and bought the automarks Dacia (Romania) and Samsung of engine (Korea).

As one of the first passenger car manufacturers in Europe Renault engages itself in Turkey. Who buys a Renault combination in the year 2004, a car built in Turkey acquires.

In the year 2005 Renaults formula 1-Team as well as its driver Fernando Alonso won the driver and technical designer title of the Formel-1-Weltmeisterschaft.

Articles in category "Renault"

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