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Rapid-transit railway is usually the abbreviation of interurban train; occasionally also of rapid-transit railway or in rare cases also of metropolitan railway. It is a railway of the regional traffic, which serves the suburban traffic of the cities and the suburbs in densely populated areas.
It differs from the railway through:
The term rapid-transit railway became for the first time on 1 December 1930 in Berlin, after the electrification of the city, ring and Vorortbahnen starting from 1924, when short term for interurban trains uses. There was a uniform tariff here already since 1890/91. Hamburg took over the term rapid-transit railway starting from 1934 for its city and Vorortbahn. The remaining, not with electrical motor coaches, but with steam courses, claimant Vorortstrecken were integrated into the net and the tariff of the rapid-transit railways and electrified later partial. Today the rapid-transit railway tariffs are replaced by group tariffs with the other suburban traffic means. Only starting from the 1960er years further rapid-transit railway systems developed in Germany.
Registration number (symbol/Logo) in Germany is white S on green circle. In Austria there is a white S in different forms on blue reason. In Switzerland there is no common registration number.
A rapid-transit railway net is usually operated by only one enterprise. Exceptions are here the rapid-transit railway Rhine Ruhr, the rapid-transit railway Salzburg, as well as most rapid-transit railways in Switzerland.
Major item: Rapid-transit railways in Germany
rapid-transit railways in the two largest cities Berlin and Hamburg, developed first, could fall back to well developed suburb tracks from the steam course time. With the electrification the direct current supply with supply was selected over the lateral bus bar, because larger changes could be saved by passages (bridge, tunnel), which lowered the costs. The common use of the tracks by railways with steam and/or diesel locomotives and direct current rapid-transit railway courses occurred here exactly the same, as with the rapid-transit railways developed later.
The rapid-transit railway Berlin and rapid-transit railway Hamburg gave this mixing process up with the remaining railway traffic gradually. The alternating current supply over overhead line for the "usual" railway, established only later, is technically so complex at the same track with direct current that a complete separation of the plants was most meaningful in rapid-transit railway and remote course tracks also for verkehrlichen reasons. Thus the suburbs could be supplied further well and from the outside troublefree with rapid-transit railway connections.
All other rapid-transit railways in Germany are supplied exactly the same as the railway with alternating current via overhead line. These nets could be opened fast in large expansion, without which they had to wait for the extensive building of special tracks. Thus many courses operate for example the resident of Munich rapid-transit railway on the external branches on regular railroad lines. However rapid-transit railway traffic is hardly to be consolidated with late regional or main line trains trouble-prone and its clock timetable. Therefore also the alternating current rapid-transit railway nets are later supplemented around special rapid-transit railway tracks. There are rarely rapid-transit railways also not electrified, which are operated usually with Diesel motor coaches - like the Desiro -.
In Germany rapid-transit railway lines usually operate at least every 20 minutes in the peak hours in the core range. From the parallel run of several lines on same distance sections in such a way Zugfolgen result up to approximately 3 minutes. To the line terminator points in the surrounding countryside the offer itself out. Entrance-offered one reaches a better here mostly only by its own subgrade.
Today there are the following rapid-transit railway nets in Germany:
In the planning phase are at present the rapid-transit railway Bremen and the rapid-transit railway Augsburg.
The provincial town course Karlsruhe used the advertising-effective green S-course-Logo, because the U-metropolitan railway-Logo would be hardly appropriate because of the absence of underground stages, uses however in network plans and other publications the more correct term metropolitan railway.
With the enterprises mash gau rapid-transit railway (in Freiburg in mash gau) and local from course (in open castle) the word rapid-transit railway is only a name component for advertising purposes, here however actually concerns it regional courses.
Major item: Rapid-transit railways in Austria
first rapid-transit railway net of Austria - until 2005 usually the designation was rapid-transit railway usually - in the 60's in Vienna one established. As symbol to a large extent a white sharp edged "S" serves on blue background. The form of S is to stylize thereby the process of the original route by Vienna. Since this old symbol is inclined however to wake with some humans inglorious associations is in the meantime increases a swung variant. No independent system represents the Viennese rapid-transit railway separates used apart from the original route in the city center to a large extent normal railroad lines against Berlin and Hamburg. To before short the rapid-transit railway rubbing cars were main by their own blue colour clearly recognizably, meanwhile attained (similar to Germany) the entire suburban traffic a uniform colour in red. The rapid-transit railway in Vienna operates 7,5min interval on the original route in the 3 -.
Rapid-transit railway Salzburg was partly opened in the year 2004 (maximum configuration is not reached yet). It becomes the first Euregio rapid-transit railway of Austria, thus a transnational rapid-transit railway, which will refer also the Salzburger of suburbs on German page. The distances are operated by two different enterprises. The lines use the conventional Eisenbahnnetz and drive exclusively aboveground. Two further lines are operated by the Salzburger local railway. The local railway lines reach the main station in the tunnel. As common symbol a geschwunges white "S" is used here on light blue background.
In Austria at present further rapid-transit railway systems for the cities are Graz, Linz and Innsbruck in the discussion.
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