Rudolf (* 20. March 1915 in Niederkappel, upper Austria; "† 30. March 2000 in Vienna) was a judge, diplomat, non-party politician and from 1974 to 1986 Austrian Federal President.

Training and career

became with 11 years orphan and completed the structure High School in horn (Matura with honor; Very well in all subjects), where it belonged to the central school connection forest Mark. It was drawn already in the autumn 1939 to the armed forces and was into the early phase 2. World war as a soldier at the front.

The kind is legendary, in which it locked the study of the jurisprudence at the end of of 1940 in Vienna. Already after the Matura 1935 in Vienna had begun with the study, which he could finance only with the help of a scholarship and various extra jobs. After the connection of Austria at Nazi Germany it had to break the study off as a not NSDAP member. During an only two-month front vacation it prepared 1940 for the state examination, in hope in the further war process no more than soldier to be used. - According to own statements it nourished in this time of majority of honey, learned themselves up to 20 hours daily and dipped its feet into vinegar water to remain over awake. Success was not missing: in one it even received an honor to the radical one.

Against end of war was as a captain an training officer at the war school at that time (today again: Theresiani military academy) in Viennese new city. As a commander it led a Fahnenjunker unit disengaged against the Soviet troops at the 1.April 1945. The magazine profile of 21.04.2005 reports that thereby within fewer hours 200 cadets were killed and several hundreds were wounded; it suffered thereby a heavy leg injury.

married 1940, with his Mrs. Herma had it 1944 and 1947 two children (daughter and son).

1947 to 1954 he was a judge in Langenlois and Vienna, starting from 1954 right expert in the State Department.

was substantially involved to pre-working and coming off convention and neutrality act.

From 1967 to 1970 he was an Ambassador in Prague. Into its term of office the "Prager spring" fell, while whose it jumped over itself over the instructions of his superior, the minister of foreign affairs Kurt forest home, and gave to all departure-willing visas.

1970 he was ordered of Bruno Kreisky as non-party to the minister of foreign affairs of the Alleinregierung.

Federal President shank

Choice 1974

1974 mehrten themselves after the death of Federal President Franz Jonas with the first the voices, which was to stand as a candidate popular Federal Chancellors Bruno Kreisky even for this office. Kreisky rejected however, because the authority of the Federal President did not appear expanded to him enough. Since the had always argued with earlier Federal President elections with the argument of power reconciliation with the (under the keyword "red president - black chancellor"), was applicable this time with that now the chancellor placing already from election tactical reasons only one not party member. was regarded at that time the non-party, practicing catholic as an ideal candidate.

The fact that in the choice obsiegte against from the supported Innsbruck mayor Alois Lugger with 51,7% had its reason however not only in the all-side recognized personality of the minister of foreign affairs, but also in the disagreement of the Lugger had only been installed in the minute last after an party-internal Putsch in that against former Secretary-General Hermann Withalm set up of the party leadership already as a candidate.

Office practice

was in also in its personal modesty - undisputed head of state with large authority, its successor succeeded which since that time no more. In Austria to a winged word its utterance became over"Â… the drying putting of the sumps and sour meadows"Â… (spoken with the opening of the Welser fair in August 1980 on the occasion of the AKH scandal), a comparison, which was felt still far away before the popularization of the environmental awareness as suitably.

Choice 1980

Due to its enormous popularity its re-election became 1980 the triumph: was red-elect as a now common candidate of and with the point result of 79,9% of the voices against of the supported diplomat Wilfried Gredler as well as the right-wing extremist the Norbert Burger.

Literature

• Rudolf The peace begins in the own house. Thought over Austria. Molden, 1980. ISBN 3217010701
• Alois Mock, Herbert Schambeck (Hrsg.): Responsibility in our time. Anniversary publication for Rudolf . Austrian state printering, 1990.
• Josef (Hrsg.): Always humans turned. Publishing house Austria, 2000. ISBN 3704614955

See also

• Election results of Austrian Federal President elections

Related links

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