Robin Hood is an English people hero, an outlawing, which stole after the legend of the realms and which to arms gave. It is called also "Robin of Locksley ". His bride lady Marian (English Maid Marian) is to have been a of the king. With its associate lived it to the narration after in Sherwood Forest. The philosophy of the umverteilenden form lived on it affected the work of writers over hundreds of years into our time, e.g. the works of Pierre J. Proudhon and Karl Marx.

Background

The historical existence of Robin Hood is not proven. Stories, which are told in connection with Robin Hood, to have probably no material background and often touch the mythology. Possibly individual motives of the character and its adventures originate from the biography from William Wallace. The first time in a manuscript it mentioned in William of long country jetty Plowman (1377), in which Sloth, which maintains lazy priests: "I know Reime of Robin Hood ". Later the Scottish chronicler John Fordun writes three years that Robin Hood provides "in the Balladen for the largest ".

Printed versions of Balladen over Robin Hood appear short after the introduction of the printing to England to early 16. Century. In this Balladen Robin Hood (occasionally also Robyne Hode) is a Freisasse, which at this time to an independent basic owner or a large farmer is equivalent. Only at the end 16. Century becomes he a nobleman named Earl OF Huntington, Robert von Locksley or, again later, Robert Fitz Ooth or also Robert Fitzood.

Perhaps its romantic connection to Maid Marian (or Marion, Marionne, Marianne or also Marie Anne, originally admit as Mathilda) is likewise a product of this later period and has with the French play Jeu de Robin et Marion (Adam de la resounds), which about 1280 developed, to do. Apart from the names here however no recognizable connection to Robin Hood exists.

In late 16. Century also history Robin Hoods temporally back transferred into the 1190er-Jahre, when Richard lion heart is on a crusade. One the original Robin Hood Balladen refers to king Edward, Edward II. and Edward III., which governed England from 1272 to 1377. The picture Robin Hoods as noble-minded Saxonia, which fights the Normannen, originates from that 19. Century, which becomes particularly clear, if one regards the role, which plays Robin Hood in Sir walter Scotts novel Ivanhoe.

The rural Robin Hood was brought by the schurkischen Sheriff of Nottingham around its country and so to the outlawing. The Sheriff appears in the early Balladen (Robin kills and beheads it), but no data is as clear as in connection with the Sheriff. Robins other enemies cover the rich abbotts of the catholic church and a baron and a head money hunter named Guy de Gisbourne. Robin kills and beheads it likewise. The early Balladen does not mention that Robin passed its booty on at arms, although he leaves a large sum money to a poor knight. The legend says that Robin hid itself in the Sherwood Forest. The original Balladen speaks of its stay in Barnsdale, which is appropriate for about fifty miles north of Sherwood. Others state, then it can have never done something with the Sheriff from Nottingham to have, which lived two daily rides in the south.

Mentioned in the Balladen originally many different "merry associate "(Merry Men): Brother Tuck, wants Scarlet or also Scathlock, Much the son of Mueller and Little John, actually John Small, a outlawing, whose surname led to the fact that one called it later ironically "little "(small), because it was not it evenly straight. The Barde Alan A Dale is a later invention to the plays with the Robin Hood topic.

Songs, plays, plays and also novels, musical, films and TV serials adapted Robin Hood and its people later depending upon the needs of the time, and the myth was means of extensive ideological manipulation. Maid Marian for example, which was in the early viktorianischen time like that something like a Amazone, was changed in its behaviour up to the complete particularly in the first time of the woman right to vote. When the Emanzipierung at Kraft won, Marian went through again a complete transformation and got a more active role.

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