The press is that oldest of the mass media.

Roots and origins (12. - 15. Jhd.)

Origin of the press is e.g. spoken or sung communication of driving play people, like Walther of the bird pasture.

Since approx. 1380 report buyer letters beside private and business messages also on politics and science. Famous example are the Fuggerzeitungen.

In 14. Century develops the term of the "newspaper" in Cologne area from "zidunge", that for "message", "piece of news".

1445 are put with the invention of the printing with mobile type characters by the Mainzer Johannes gene meat to the drawer - also Johannes good mountain mentioned - the basis for the mass spreading by products of press.

First beginnings of the periodic press (16. - 18. Jhd.)

1502 the newe zeytung, a for the first time printed, appearing non-periodic message composition appears.

1597 are published the Rohrschacher monthly review as the first appearing periodic newspaper in Rorschach, Bodensee, when successors of the flight writings and/or a sheet pressures, on which so far pieces of news were indicated.

1605 appear with the relation ("relation of all and histories") in Strasbourg the first newspaper; thus Germany is considered as country of origin of the newspaper. Further ones appear in Basel (1610), Frankfurt/Main (1615 - Frankfurt post office newspaper), Berlin (1617), London (1621) and Paris (1631).

1650 appear in Leipzig with the "coming in newspapers" of Timotheus Ritzsch for the first time a daily paper with six expenditures per week.

In 17. Century appear over 200 usually short-lived newspapers of an average circulation of 300 copies, whose propagation range extends by reading out substantially.

In 18. Century gives it to approx. 300 newspapers, whereby the Hamburgi Unpartheyi Correspondent has the highest edition 30,000 pieces. The press is subject to censorship.

1703 are created in Vienna the Viennese newspaper, the oldest still existing German-language newspaper, 1705 the Hildesheimer general newspaper as the oldest German newspaper (establishment name Hildesheimer relation Courier), 1780 in Switzerland the new inhabitants of zurich newspaper, 1788 then The Time in London.

1798 appeared for the first time the general newspaper created by Johann Friedrich Cotta, in 19. Century to the most important German daily paper became.

The way to the modern press (starting from 19. Jhd.)

1819 fixes those Carlsbad resolutions the press censorship.

1848 are for the first time legally embodied the Pressefreiheit by the Paulskirchen condition. It comes soon thereafter to a relapse into methods (bail obligation, stamp-tax,"Â…), but old press control could not be restored.

1872 are created citizens of Berlin the day sheet by the citizen of Berlin publisher Rudolf Mosse.

1874 are finally embodied the Pressefreiheit in the realm press law.

In 19. Century develops the party - and convicition press as well as a mass press.

End 19. Century develop the large press companies: Mosse, Ullstein publishing house and Scherl.

During the First World War the Pressefreiheit is waived and replaced by a strict military censorship.

The first newspaper company, by the purchase of the Scherl publishing house and the Ufa 1927 the first medium company creates and creates 1916 Alfreds Hugenberg.

The Weimar Republic ensured the liberty of opinion in its realm condition 1919 as individual right, did not contain however not the Pressefreiheit.

The republic laws for the protection of 1922 and 1930 as well as the emergency decrees of 1931 and 1932 lead to numerous newspaper prohibitions.

1932 give it in Germany 4702 newspapers, edition altogether to 25 million.

Articles in category "Press history"

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