A Pirat is a robber, who attacks and plunders its victim from a ship or a boat, whereby also coastal places are sometimes attack targets. Some Piraten co-operates also with the offshore population, who possesses the law of wreckage.

History

Already Homer describes in 8. Jh. v. Chr. in its Epen raids to the main acquisition. In particular the coasts of the invited as hiding place and slip angles almost. Correspondences of the ruler of Cyprus from that 14. Jh. v. Chr. occupy Piraten at the smallasiatic south coast. Starting point is to have been above all Lykien in today's southwest Turkey. Also in many later antique sources applied this region than homeland of Piraten, which made waters of large parts of the eastern Mediterranean uncertain. The piracy in the was fought - according to Herodot and Thukydides - for the first time by the kretische navy. At present the Roman Imperiums arranged true Piraten troubles the senate to equip Pompeius (67 v. Chr.) with special authority. Its proper naval warfare against the Piraten led to the provisional end of the Piraterie; Byzanz, at the end of its power, was impaired again by Arab pirates.

On the ships a certain form of the democracy prevailed. Thus often important decisions were made by tunings of the crew. A reason for the initial inlet to the Piratentum was the pityless suppression on the official handels and war fleets individual the time "of the classical Piraterie "can one the period between approximately 1650 and 1730 designate, when pirates of European origin made the Karibik supported by corrupt governors and government officials above all uncertain. After elimination of their bases in the Caribbean sea some shifted their effect place into the Indian ocean, where in a part of the island Madagascar a kind Piratenrepublik (Libertalia) had developed, until approximately 1730 existed.

A special form of the Piraterie existed in the Mediterranean. This proceeded mainly from the so-called Barbareskenstaaten, thus the states of moslemischer ruling powers in North Africa (Tunis, Algiers). In these countries the piracy was operated nationally and was the main source of income of the state. This nuisance went still to end of the 18.Jahrhunderts so far that some European countries (for instance at that time independent Hanseatic city Hamburg) in addition, the still young USA committed themselves rather to regular payments to the governments "of the Barbareskenstaaten ", so that their trading vessels were not troubled. Only in the year 1830 France set an end for this driving with the conquest of Algeria.

Along the Croatian plnderten Croatian Uskoken the ships of venezianischen crew power.

Further names and synonyms

• Freibeuter were nationally waited or assigned Piraten, of 16. up to 19. On raid went to century. They had the confirmed by a document right (by one cape-hereditarycalled) of their respective government to apply the ships of hostile states. Often the Freibeuter adhered neither by rights nor to obligations, which were fixed in the cape hereditary scoring.
• Pirate
• Korsar was the name (franz.) for pirates, usual in the Mediterranean.
• Bukaniere were Piraten with firm basis in the Karibik, as for instance the island de la gate-do (Tortuga). They secured their living costs in addition, by hunt in the hinterland.
• Flibustiere (Filibuster) one called one mainly from Frenchman existing combination of pirates, in 17. Century the Karibik afflicted. Later pirates and Freibeuter were then generally designated in such a way.

With the permanent change of station of the Bukaniere from Hispaniola to de la gate-do selected further Piraten of the Karibik de la gate-do than basis. They called themselves no longer than "brothers of the coast ", but than Flibustier. This word is derived from a Dutch word, vrijbuiters. This word changed itself over the English freebooters and the French flibustiers, which word the Englishmen later transferred and to filibusters modified. The German language adapts finally likewise the French word.

Starting from 1655 haven became Royal on Jamaica the second base of the Karibik Piraten. Here primarily English Piraten found its base, on de la gate-does mainly French. Haven Royal was destroyed 1692 by an earthquake and the following Flutwelle. Afterwards the Piraten yielded on the Bahamas islands (until 1718) and North American ports like e.g. New York out.

Symbols and plates

The Jolly Roger is the black flag (usually with a Totenkopf) of pirate ships. It was sighted for the first time 1700 at the mast of the Piraten Emmanuel Wynne.

For the origin of the name ""there is Jolly Roger several versions: - the English Roger designates both a vagabond and the devil (old Roger). - French their originally red flag joli rouge called Bukaniers ("beautiful red "). - There was an Indian Piraten with the name Ali Rajah, of the British Olly Roger expressed.

Edward England was initially the only Pirat, which showed the well-known Totenkopf with crossed bones in its flag. Since the flag served for the identification of the Piraten, each crew had an individual indication.

Admitted Piraten

• John Hawkins (Karibik, around 1565)
• l'Ollonais (Karibik, around 1666)
• Michel de Granmont and/or Grammont (Karibik, against 1686)
• Anne Bonny (Karibik,
• Mary READ (Karibik, 1690-1720)
• Matthew Roess (around Mauritius,
• Henry Every (Karibik, Atlantic & Indian ocean 1694-95)
• Edward Teach, better admits than Blackbeard (Karibik, late Carolina 1716-18)
• Bartholomew Robert, also Black Barty (Karibik, late west Africa 1718-1722)
• Edward England (Karibik until 1718, late Madagascar)
• William Condon ("Billy One hand ", Karibik until 1718, late Madagascar and India)
• Charles Vane (Karibik, around 1718)
• Calico Jack Rackham (Karibik until 1720)
• Cui APU sea, 19. Century)

Admitted Freibeuter

• Klaus and Michels, the leaders of the and Likedeeler (north and Baltic Sea, 14. /15. Jhd.)
• Walter Raleigh (various seas, 1585)
• Francis Drake (various seas, see Armada 1588)
• Piet Heyn (Karibik, the Netherlands, around 1628)
• Henry Morgan (Karibik around 1670)
• William Dampier (various seas, around 1685)
• William Kidd (Madagascar, 1696-1701)
• Pierre le Grand (Caribbean sea, 17. Century)
• Tom Tew (Madagascar, 17. Jhd., Kompanen of Misson (priest and
• Jean Bart (France, against 1700)
• Robert Surcouf (France, around 1800)
• Richard they verse ("† 1700), Hamburg one, end of 17. Jhd., Indian ocean, the only German Pirat of international rank

Fictitious Piraten

• Guybrush Threepwood, the unheldenhafte hero of the computer game row Monkey Iceland.
• Geisterpirat LeChuck, the rogue of the Monkey of Iceland plays.
• Captain Hook, the rogue from Peter Pan.
• Long John Silver from the treasure island.
• Fire beard, one the Piraten from George MacDonald Frasers novel "the Piraten ".
• Dotterbart (in the original "Yellowbeard ") from the sow-Irish film of the same name.
• Captain Jack Sparrow from the film curse of the Karibik, easily of Johnny Depp.
• Captain Joshua Flint (the treasure island), possibly after unknown historical model.
• "The red Korsar "(Captain Vallo) from the US film of the same name of 1952, easily of Burt Lancaster.
• "Captain Blood "from the US film of the same name of 1935, easily of Errol Flynn (after the novel of the same name of Rafael Sabatini).
• "The red Korsar "from the French Comic series of the same name, 1959 production of Jean Michel Charlier and Victor Hubinon.
• Captain Pugwash, British Cartoonfigur.
• The Willy, from the adventure film The Goonies.
• Monkey D. Ruffy from One Piece.
• The savage 13, a quite well-known terrible Piratenbande from Jim button and Lukas of the of Michael end.
• Iron hand, black beard, the devil masks and other usually skurrile Piraten from the Comicreihe phantom. The masked hero used up himself among other things the fight against Piraten.
• The anonymous Piratencrew from Asterix, whose ship is sunk casually again and again. A Persiflage on "the red Korsar "of Charlier and Hubinon.
• "Rackham the red one ", captain that Einhorn, treasure-hiding Pirat from the double volume of the same name of Tintin and/or Tim and Struppi.
• The booklet novel series of sea-wolves Korsaren of the Weltmeere from the Pabel Moewig publishing house tells over approximately 750 volumes the adventures of the crew of the Freibeuters Philip hate pool of broadcasting corporations Killigrew, which bereist with its ships at present the Elizabeth's I. the entire world.
• Captain Sharingham from the TV-series Jack getting fount.
• Captain Walker, Captain Bannon, Captain Tyrone, Captain Galliano, Captain Rouquette, Jolly, Griffin, Soledad, Buenaventure and Kenndrick from dock Meyers novels the wave runners, the Muschelmagier and the water webers.

Articles in category "Pirat"

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