Physiotherapeut/in is occupation of welfare.

In Germany the training as/as the Physiotherapeuten/in is regulated since 1994 by the Masseur and Physiotherapeutengesetz (MPhG). Up to then the designation "Krankengymnast/in" was usual in the old Lands of the Federal Republic (see Physiotherapie).

To the MPhG training and a test regulation belong, in which the three-year training is regulated more near. It 2900 hours theoretical and 1600 hours practical Ausbildung.Der theory instruction takes place enclosure at present only in nationally certified schools. The practical portion is completed partially at school, mostly however in certified practical course mechanisms. A national examination (exam) with written, verbal and practical part forms the conclusion.

In Austria the training and the practise of the profession of the Physiotherapeuten are fixed by the MTD law. The training covers here three years with 2525 theoretical and 2000 practical hours. In each subject positive examinations are to be completed, i.e. a total examination does not give it in this sense. A specializedspecific thesis (diploma), which must be justified also verbally, forms the conclusion. Differently than in Germany the manual Lymphdrainage is likewise part of the training in Austria.

History

Antiquity to modern times

Already from the antique one purposeful gymnastische and educating ideals are delivered to us. The athletes of the antique olympic plays had particularly trained coaches, who were awake over the "body hygiene in such a way specified" of their favorites. Thus they did for the health and of the young people often more than each physician. Also the Greek physician Hippokrates and its later Roman counterpart Galen emphasized the health effect of all

Already early one used the positive observations for the health consultation of the population. One recommended regular movement in the form of walks, swimming, running, riding, plays and dancing. Also the erholsame and welfare-ends effect of Massagen and therapeutic baths is well-known since the antique one. The did not only refer to a healthy nutrition. Likewise to a balanced relationship of guards and sleeping one paid attention.

In the high Middle Ages inside did not change in it much, those "prescriptions" remained resembling. Rather was it like that that by the church influence of the bodies into oblivion came. As creatures living and suffering were regarded as fateful. This changed only with the Renaissance, in that the antique ideals again for awaked.

Human and clearing-up

Moved affected by the human now also women, children and handicapped humans with their special needs and illnesses into the center of medical view. In 18. Century justified the French physician Nicolas Andry the (the "upright child"). He observed systematically the frequent attitude weaknesses and with children. It used up special gymnastische exercises to the therapy and prophylaxis. Swiss physician Jean Venel opened the first orthopedic hospital of the world in Orbe/canton Waadt to 1780.

Johann Christoph Friedrich of property Muths became the founder of the educational gymnastic in Germany. Franz Nachtegall created 1798 in Copenhagen the "Gymnasti society". From its the Swede Pehr Henrik Ling developed a purposeful therapeutic gymnastic, which was ajar like today still against the "customs movements of the everyday life". It combined its treatments with Massagen for special groups of muscles.

Industrialization and modern trend

The citizen of Berlin physician Albert C. Neumann brought the "Swedish welfare gymnastic" to Germany. It defined the occupation of the "Gymnasten" as the first and used themselves for the vocational emancipation of the women. it opened the first Gymnastenschule for ladies to 1853. The Swede Gustaf Zander developed apparatuses to the purposeful structure of muscle. They necessarily seemed to it, because a therapist could not exercise its work each day directly conscientiously.

Besides the need of treatments grew by the wars (1870/71, 1914-18 and 1939-45) and due to the rising work and traffic accidents. Johann Hermann Lubinus created the "Lubinus schools" regarded by many specialists. Now the patient gymnastic made acquaintance (the child paralysis world-wide a high extent assumed) for the first time strengthened with patients from the surgery and neurology. For the treatment of heart and lung illnesses as well as in the Rheumatologie took place a back meditation to therapeutic baths and the Kneipp teachings.

In the year 1941 Wolfgang Kohlrausch was appointed as the first full professor for movement therapy to the National Socialist realm university Strasbourg.

To the currency reform 1948 it came in the health service to economy measures, which led to a clear place dismantling. Only with the establishment of regional organizations the profession could be again better established and developed. Contracts with health insurance companies and a standardization of the training made krankengymnastische mechanisms again profitable. Into the 1950er years formed the ZVK (central association of the Krankengymnasten), until today the largest of all German federations. By its work 1959 a federallegal demarcation of the "Krankengymnasten" succeeded at other medical auxiliary occupations.

In the course of the reunification and the adjustment to the international linguistic usage it came 1994 to an amending of the occupation laws (see MPhG). From now on the hot Krankengymnasten "Physiotherapeuten", as it was usual already in the GDR.

Theory formation

In the last 100 years the German Physiotherapie strove predominantly to be established and embodied in the health service. It developed therefore along the medicine and thus at the medical model for further discussion defined themselves.

For the medical model the concept of "normality" is fundamental: Deviations from the normal one are abnormal. A goal of the therapy is it to re-establish normality. Each illness has therefore a trip (for example a germ), which is provable. The medicine treats therefore not the individual, but the illness and tries it to eliminate.

Only since center of the 90's gradually a paradigm change carries out itself. The illness is seen no longer primary than malfunction, which is to be repaired, but an holistic aspect is the center of attention.

Training

Due to the permanent increase in welfare knowledge and treatment alternatives those are today very extensive training fan and the curriculum. Finally this serves the patients, to who thereby a large selection of working methods is at the disposal, which them several ways to an individually satisfying sound-follow make possible.

The school training covers:

The practical training at the patient in the medical fields of activity covers:

240 hr. surgery, 240 hr. internal medicine, 240 hr. 240 hr. neurology, 160 hr. 80 hr. psychiatry and 80 hr.

In the last years increasingly also professional schools offer courses of studies for the Physiotherapie, usually in co-operation with a Technical High School.

Articles in category "Physiotherapeut"

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