The pea (Pisum sativum), also garden pea or food pea, is a plant type from the family of the (Fabaceae, Leguminosae), Unterfamilie (Faboideae).

The pea probably originates from small Asia, and is for thousands of years is one year's, krautig, fertilizing important Nutzpflanze.Die pea, most sorts is long day plants and the pea is also a climbing plant, which can grow under suitable conditions up to 2 m highly, whereby some sorts become high not even 50 cm.

The sorts have different vegetation times, these by heat sums are mostly characterized.

The green cases, falsely often as "Schoten" designation, are long and contained up to 10 cm round, 5 to 7 mm large seeds, which can be dried also sharp-edged.

History

The agriculture began around 9000 v. Chr. in the Near East (fruitful Halbmond). Since 8200 v. Chr. became on Cyprus and at the latest since 6500 v. Chr. in Greece and on the Balkans also the pea as food cultivated. In Central Europe the pea is well-known since volume ceramic(s). From the Michelsberger earth work of Heilbronn blade mountain numerous peas originate.

Neighbour in the Mischkultur

Plants get along with different neighbours, that grow directly adjacent, differently well:

Good neighbours: Dill, Fenchel, cucumber, Kohl, Kohlrabi, Kopfsalat, Mais, Radieschen, Zucchini

Bad neighbours: Beans, potato, garlic, allium, tomatoes, bulbs

Consumption

The pea is today world-wide cultivated and both used freshly (roughly or and cooked vegetable) and dried. To the fresh meal there are sorts, with which one eats the whole young cases as vegetable, and such, with which one must peel the fresh peas from the cases. Dried peas become as whole peas (with seed bowl) or as half peas (their seed bowl was removed) uses. Half peas are somewhat more expensive, become however many faster. Dried peas can be green or yellow. In addition, during the last years alternative kinds of the preparation for the pea were discovered. For example pea dte a firm component of the assortment of many bio shops became. In addition the peas are softened after drying again in the water and cut up afterwards. Four groups of sorts are differentiated:

• Scarf peas (Pisum sativum L. convar. sativum), also Pahl, Pal or Kneifelerbsen mentioned, have smooth-shelled grain. Their dry grain is mostly used for cooking (drying food peas). For other uses they must be harvested young, because if the grains became too large, they have easily a mehligen taste.
• Mark peas (Pisum sativum L. convar. medullare Alef. emend. C.O. ) Sugars (6 9%, almost exclusively Saccharose) therefore have loam and taste sweet in to mature the condition shrunk grain, contain why they are regarded often erroneously as sugar peas. To the preservation (for wet canned goods bright sorts preferentially) and Frostung (darker sorts preferentially) are mostly used. As drying peas they are unsuitable for cooking, since they do not become soft when cooking. Meanwhile there are also smooth-granular Mark peas, so that they can be differentiated very heavily from the scarf peas.
• Sugar peas (Pisum sativum L. convar. axiphium Alef emend. C.O. Loam), also Kaiserschoten, Kiefelerbsen or Kefen mentioned, do not have Pergamentschicht in the case and become not tough. Whole fleshy, sweet and thick cases with still undeveloped grains become main verzehrt. Most sorts have scarf pea grains, only some Mark pea grains. They are the most popular under the pea classes.
• Giant peas (Pisum granda sneida L. convar. sneidulo p. shneiderium), also large one old person or giant pea mentioned, is very much larger than the remaining pea families. Their cores are dark-brown to black. Because of their dry, nearly already haarigen flavour this rare pea become came however into Europe something from the mode. However she is cultivated because of their extreme frost resistance in the northern latitudes (partially to high to Greenland).

Kinds of preparing:

• Pea soup
• Wasabi peas are dried peas, which with Wasabi (Japanese Meerrettich) are covered. (Production likes usually in Thailand in Japan,)

See also

• Kefe
• Genetically changed organism
• List of the vegetables

Related links

Articles in category "Pea"

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