Overfishing one names the excessive Dezimierung of the fish existence in a waters by fishing. Overfishing is present, if in a waters more fish become imprisoned, than by natural Vermehrung regenerate.

Overfishing is, before all other human interferences in navy of ecological systems, the most important cause for that substantial becoming extinct of many species in the sea and coastal ecological systems, which can be observed at present. Further profound ecological interference factors are among other things environmental pollution, increasing degradation of the water quality and anthropogene climatic change. In times before the human influencing control the fish species concerned were present, in one - compared with today - inconceivably large number and abundance.

archaeological and historical data show that there is a temporal delay of decades or even centuries from the beginning of the overfishing up to the inevitably following dramatic changes in the ecological partnerships This explains itself from the fact that befischte species of the same trophischen level (position in the food chain) take the ecological niche of the over-fished species - so long to them their since over-fished or at epidemic diseases as consequence of their population of over (causes by being omitted the competitive species) is dezimiert.

Measures against the overfishing are supranational overfishing agreements or the mechanism of fishery protected zones, with which free and unhindered fishing is limited temporally or limited durably or by the maximum quantities is fixed.

Overfishing can be justified by a social dilemma, in addition, is not possible by for winning vines Grossfangflotten.Ein so-called "empty fish" of the seas, because if a fish type is strongly threatened by becoming extinct, the fishing fleets specialize in other fish types, since they obtain here higher yields, than with from becoming extinct threatened. However the entire food chain can be concerned by the Dezimierung of certain fish types, so that indirectly different animal species are threatened.

Literature

• Antje bald jack: The exhaustion of the Weltmeere. Spektrum der Wissenschaft, November 2004, P. 60-68,
• Jeremy B.C. Jackson et al.: Historical Overfishing and the Recent Collapse OF Coastal Ecosystems, Science 27 July 2001, volume. 293. No. 5530, P. 629 - 637 ()

Related links

• www.greenpeace-stuttgart.de - consumer leaders of Greenpeace
• www.europa.eu.in t - European Union fishery and maritime affairs

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