The Orenstein & ouple OHG (O&K) was an enterprise of mechanical engineering, which was active in the railway construction first and afterwards, beside locomotives and railroad cars for the goods and passenger traffic, a broad pallet of construction machines, above all excavators of most diverse interpretation, produced in addition, grader, Dumper and truck cranes, in addition escalators, transmissions, fork-lift trucks, compressors, crawler loaders, wheeled loaders, dump trucks, underground courses, rapid-transit railway courses, buses, tractors, road rollers as well as cargo ships, passenger liners, on-board crane and Schiffsentladeanlagen (shipbuilding). The enterprise with different production locations in Germany, a high export portion and a world-wide system of branch offices was created on 1 April 1876 of Benno Orenstein and Arthur Koppel as an open commercial company (oHG) in Berlin. 1897 accepted the enterprise the legal form of a corporation.

Development

At the beginning of in battle lake with Berlin

In the work at that time in battle lake in the land municipality Zehlendorf with Berlin become first trucks and equipments for Feldbahnen manufacture. The pertinent field course locomotives are built by other manufacturers (among other things young in Jungenthal). Starting from 1892 in battle lake under the company name Lokomotivfabrik "also field course locomotives are built.

New work in Babelsberg

Because of the constant extent of utilization of the work in battle lake a new work close potsdam is established with the station Drewitz. "Drewitzer locomotive factory quite often falsely in such a way designated " lay however not in Drewitz, but on that neighbouring Babelsberger and/or at that time Neuendorfer the areas. Starting from 1 April 1899 here under the name ""locomotives are built for AG for field & small course need, before times Orenstein & ouple. The work is called starting from 1938 after the pool from new village, Nowawes, Neubabelsberg and small Glienicke to the city Babelsberg "O&K work Babelsberg ". Since 1939 again Babelsberg is a local part of potsdam.

After the turn of the century O&K builds for the first time excavators with Eimerketten, first from wood and starting from 1904 "completely from iron ", propelled by steam engines or white spirit engines. O&K a shovel dredger for work, driving on rails, develops 1908 in heavy soils. 1922 are manufactured a steam-claimant shovel dredger on own track chain chassis. Starting from 1926 diesel engines are inserted instead of steam engines with the excavators.

National socialism and the Second World War

Starting from the 1930er years beside the Feldbahnen also normalspurige rail-mounted vehicles in larger numbers of items are built, here above all for ranking diesel locomotives and the unit steam engines of the series 44 and series 50 for the German National Railroad.

In a further work in Spandau cable-operated excavators and bucket wheel excavators are manufactured.

In the course of the so-called Arisierung the Orenstein & ouple AG are placed under on trust administration and the Babelsberger work is renamed on 1 April 1940 in "mechanical engineering and course need AG MBA, before times Orenstein & ouple ". 1941 are removed also still the additive Orenstein & ouple from the name and used only the contractions MBA. The work gets over all bomb attacks on Berlin, after a fire in the administration building and the disassembly however no more locomotives is built here.

Work north living

In north living "the Montania AG builds before times Gerlach & king "since 1907 combustion engine locomotives, which are sold over O&K. In the year 1912 the Montania is transferred of O&K as "Orenstein & ouple AG - north living".

Seizing all locomotives by the army field course in the Ith world war, the regulations of the Versailler of dictation and omission of export markets meet the work so much that at the end of of 1925 must be stopped for three months production. Few years the work recovered later however and produced until 1935 in north living 5,299 locomotives, and altogether 9,371 pieces up to the last supply in January 1942. At this time the Lokomotivbau including 421 locomotives already begun is shifted to Prague. After end of war the Lokomotivbau is not again taken up to north living however.

During the epoch of the GDR in "the VEB heavy mechanical engineering north living "among other things cable-operated excavators were manufactured.

During the Second World War by O&K/MBA 400 war locomotives of the series 52 were built - unclearly it is however whether this happened in the work Babelsberg or north living.

GDR time, "Lokomotivbau Karl Marx (LKM or also PRAISE) "

1946 are again taken up the production of Lokomotivkesseln in the work Babelsberg and one year is delivered later the first postwar locomotive. To 18. March 1948 takes place the transformation into a state-owned enterprise under the roof of the LOWA and thus renaming in "LOWA Lokomotivbau Karl Marx, Babelsberg ", briefly LKM. The LKM takes over above all the building of diesel locomotives for the GDR, under it also large diesel locomotives like the V 180. To end of the 1950er years develop beside steam engines for the DR above all schmalspurige steam and diesel locomotives, with approx. 4160 pieces more than half of the altogether built locomotives. After the task of the building of steam locomotives at the beginning of the 1960er years above all Diesel-hydraulic ranking and Streckenlokomotiven are built. In approximately 30 production years the LKM in Babelsberg manufactures approximately 7760 locomotives, approximately a third of it for the export. 1969 is supplied again a set of memory steam engines. 1976 took place the last diesel locomotive supply, after 1964 a part of diesel locomotive production (type V60D) were already transferred to the LEW Lokomotivbau electrotechnical works in Hennigsdorf.

The manufacturing was changed over to air and refrigeration technology and the work in "VEB collective combine air and refrigeration technology, enterprise Karl Marx, Babelsberg was renamed ". With the attitude of the Lokomotivbaus LKM separated also from the VEB collective combine rail-mounted vehicles, whose legal successor the today's bombard Transportation Berlin is. On the Babelsberger work area is today a trade area.

Federal Republic

In the west of Germany the enterprise firmiert starting from 1949 again under "Orenstein & ouple AG "; the name is changed after the union with the mechanical engineering AG LMAG 1950 in "Orenstein ouple and mechanical engineering AG ". The seat of the corporation is in Berlin. After the building of the citizens of Berlin wall 1961 the head office is shifted however to Dortmund; it refers a building established again on the Dortmunder work area. To center of the 1970er the enterprise grew steadily.

In the year 1972 O&K in five works produced: Berlin (west), Dortmund, Hagen, Hattingen/Ruhr and Luebeck, maintained a central spare part service in Bochum, 24 addresses and sales offices in the Federal Republic as well as agencies in all five continents. In the same year the enterprise had 8,550 persons employed, the conversion without value added tax amounted to 622.0 millions DM, the export portion lay with 31 per cent, the capital stock amounted to 50.0 millions DM, at reserves was 44.9 millions DM in an educated manner.

Articles in category "Orenstein & ouple"

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