The night shade plants (Solanaceae) are a family of the Bedecktsamer (Magnoliophyta).

Spreading

They are in particular common in central and South America and do not occur in the cold areas of the earth not.

Description

The plants are one year's or krautige plants or bushes of several years with more sympodialer their sheets are change constant, the only apparently blooms have a characteristic Fruchtknoten, consisting of two subjects, which lies diagonally in the bloom. The bloom is weakly asymmetrical dorsiventral and. The impression, the blooms its leaves itself by those differently is enough to disprove. The fruits are berries or caps.

Use

In addition, many useful plants are give a row medically more effectively or very poisonous plants into Familie.Die active substances are often alkaloids, under it often Tropanalkaloide which affect the nervous system of humans and many animals.

Name origin

The name is due from the old word meaning of the word unfortunate, which in former times for enemy. This linkage is to be due to the poisonous alkaloid Solanin, which can become enjoyed in appropriate quantities a "enemy". In the designation plants applied such as Tollkirsche, Bilsenkraut or night shade to the family the "night damage". Night damage had the meaning of a Albtraumes in the medieval language. From respect for this designation and meaning the family of "night shade plants" was baptized. Whereby it is not completely clear whether the active substance of the plant causes or prevents the night shade/night damage.

Systematics

The family of the night shade plants (Solanaceae) becomes in seven n with 102 kinds and 2460 kinds (selection of kinds):

* Solanoideae: This is the largest Unterfamilie with many well-known kinds, with 61 kinds and 1925 kinds:

• • Tollkirsche (Atropa)
  • Angel trumpet (Brugmansia)
  • Paprika (Capsicum)
  • Tree tomatoes (Cyphomandra) see: Tamarillo
  • Stechapfel (Datura)
  • Bilsenkraut (Hyoscamus)
  • Lycianthes: With 200 kinds.
  • Support thorn (Lycium): With 20 kinds.
  • Alraunen (Mandragora)
  • Nolana
  • Nicandra: It is a monotypical kind contains only one kind:
    • Poison berry (Nicandra of physaloides).
  • Lampionpflanzen (Physalis), also blister cherries mentioned, with 80 kinds.
  • Mad herb (Scopolia).
  • Night shade (Solanum): With 1400 kinds (examples):
    • Potato,
    • Tomato and
    • Aubergine

• Nicotianoideae: With eight kinds and 125 kinds, mainly in Australia, also in the new world and Africa.
  • Tobacco (Nicotiana): With 95 kinds.
• Petunioideae: With 13 kinds and 160 kinds, in the Neotropis.
  • Brunfelsia: With 45 kinds.
  • Petunien (Petunia)
• Cestroideae: With eight kinds and 195 kinds in south and central America, few kinds in North America.
  • Hammer bushes (Cestrum): With 175 kinds.
  • Trumpet tongue (Salpiglossis).
• Goetzeoideae: With four kinds and seven kinds, in the Neotropis.
• Schizanthoideae: With only one kind and 12 kinds, one year's krautige plants, in Chile.
  • Schizanthus.
• Schwenckioideae: With four kinds and 31 kinds, one year's krautige plants, in South America:
  • Schwenckia
  • Heteranthia
  • Melananthus
  • Protoschwenckia.

Related links

• Description of the family
• Pictures of the plants
• Overview of Unterfamilien, tri bus and kinds.

Articles in category "Night shade plants"

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