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Nikolaus effect two similar phenomena are called:
Expectation-conformal behavior: Both colloquially as well as occasionally named in the psychological technical literature the Nikolaus effect stresses expectation-conformal behavior. Thus such behavior is meant, after social expectations of the respective situation aligns itself and not after authentic personal motives. The origin of the speech way Nikolaus effect been based on the realization, "that before the celebration all children are good".
Evaluation of the achievement development instead of the achievement: Instead of the intended performance review (summation of the total output during the entire evaluation period) unintentionally an evaluation of the achievement development (the achievement potential) takes place. In other words: An increase of the achievement before the evaluation date leads briefly when being present the Nikolaus effect to a better evaluation than a constant achievement, which would be to be classified under sum more highly. The designation as Nikolaus effect been based in this case on it, "that to the sins briefly before the celebration" a higher value is measured out than the Fehlleistungen, which are past already longer even if this are more serious.
The judgment particularly refers to events, which took place only recently. "It makes errors continuing, I an incomplete work only yesterday read." (Even if months everything were long correct.)
The Nikolaus effect stands in the personnel management apart from further evaluation distortions, like the halo effect, the proximity effect, the Benjamin effect, tendency influences and the contrast effect.
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