When one designates net payers a state of the European union, which more deposits into the European Union household, than he gets back again.

European Union household

The European Union possesses its own household. It has also own incomes, but in contrast to a state it does not have a financial autonomy, i.e. it does not have the right to raise taxes and deliveries.

The household of the European Union is balanced by definitionem: there is no budgetary deficit or one - surplus. To unforeseeable events with the list of a supplementary budget one reacts, in which either one shifts or new incomes to be determined to have.

Incomes

The European Union receives its incomes from the member states, which it must raise for the union and pass on to it. There are altogether five sources of income:

1. Agricultural tariffs and sugar deliveries - agricultural tariffs are deliveries on agricultural products, which are introduced to the European Union and for it in the community a determined price give. If the union price lies over the world price, then the difference to the European Union-internal price becomes balanced by a tariff, which importers must pay. For example sugar and ISO glucose deliveries are exhausted from the sugar factories and serve for the covering of the costs of the production and storage of sugar.
2. Tariffs - you are raised at the external borders of the community, if goods from non--European Union countries are introduced.
3. Value added tax incomes - from its value added tax incomes each member state passes a firm portion on to the European Union. It amounts to at present a per cent point.
4. The fourth source of income - if the expenditures by the incomes specified so far are not covered, from all member states a financing contribution are raised, which computes itself from the respective resource.
5. Other incomes - to it belong the taxes, which are taken off the European Union officials and officials of the European Union organs from their salaries. In addition fines, which the European Court of Justice individual member states or enterprise imposed, flow to the European Union household. With the budget draft can be only counted on the firm incomes. Fines are not taken into account in the Vorhinein.

Expenditures

In year 2004 the European Union will spend approximately 94 billion euro. As comparison to it: The household of the Federal Republic of Germany amounts to in the same year about 250 billion euro. The expenditures for European Union rise in the period from 2007 to 2013 to 123 billion euro per year.

With the European Union household becomes between expenditures, which result from the legal obligations of the European Union, which so-called mandatory expenditures, and the remaining, the non-mandatory expenditures differentiated between. The European commission sets up a draft for the household. Subsequently, the Council of Ministers and the European parliament (EP) decide over the actual height of individual posts. The parliament can suggest with the mandatory expenditures, which lie almost exclusively in the agriculture range, only changes, it has thus none handles to also decide it. With the non-mandatory expenditures it can implement however changes. The total amount can be increased however only by a certain percentage in relation to the previous year.

The expenditures can be divided as follows:

1. Agriculture - 44.7 billion euro, that is approximately 47% of the total volume of the budget, flows into the agriculture politics. This high portion has historical causes, after which became hunger years of the war and post-war period a system furnished, which was to guarantee the supply. For more than twenty product groups there are market regulations, which plan different preventive measures. Most comprehensively grain, sugar, milk, beef, olives is protected and some fruit and vegetable places. Here it gave to paragraph prices guaranteed a few years ago, even if the market did not give this. The portion of the agriculture of the total expenditure amounted to at the beginning of the seventies over 80%.
2. Structural policy - within this range aids for disadvantaged regions are made available, in the year 2004 34.3 billion euro or 36.3%. These funds are to help to create in poorer regions the condition for a healthy economic development and fight unemployment. The funds are paid usually as aids, the remainder carry a member state or a region or an other project partner.
3. Internal Politiken - in addition count law and inside, research and development, traffic, energy and fraud fight. But 7 billion euro or 7.4% of the means is spent. Into this range falls e.g. also the exchange program Erasmus, which facilitates student a stay abroad.
4. External Politiken - you show billion euro or 5.2% 4,9 in the books. In addition co-operation with the countries belongs to the southern Mediterranean neighboring states or South Africa outside of the European Union, for instance, like also food assistance or money for the structure of democratic structures.
5. Administrative costs - the expenditures for the administration rose 2004 strongly and amount to approximately 6 billion euro or 6.3%. The rise is to be explained by the extension, by particularly in the translating and interpreting service, in the case of which interpreters and translators, new permanent posts must be furnished. To the administrative costs belong wages and salaries of the coworkers and officials, rents and credit repayments for building, telephone costs etc.

Balance: Gross or

In the European Union of the 15 the portion, Germany is into the European Union household deposits approximately 25%. The portion of Austria amounts to approximately 2.7%. "Approximate", because not all deposits can be added to a certain member state into the household. Goods from the USA reach the European Union for example by means of the port of Rotterdam or Antwerp or Hamburg and are declared there. They are sold however for example in France, Luxembourg, Italy. The customs returns are added however to the arrival port. Therefore there is no really correct list over it, which deposits country like much.

Of Germany portion of the population of the European Union to it 22% amount to, the portion of the population of Austria 2.2% in the comparison.

What do the countries get It is difficult also here to call concrete numbers. If for instance a German building firm builds the airport of Athens, which is bezuschusst to a certain portion by means of European structure fund means, which country one adds this Greece Perhaps nevertheless to a certain portion

Germany receives funds from the agriculture fund as surface country with a not insignificant agriculture. In particular the new Lands of the Federal Republic receive promotion funds from the structure funds, in smaller measure received also different economically disadvantaged regions of funds from these pots, about to regions with heavy industry or with shipyards.

The balance of the yearly 2004 raises some questions. Why do the inhabitants of Portugal, Ireland and Greece receive further much more support per head than in the new member states the Hungary or Each Irish receives more than the twenty-way Hungary, although Ireland ranks among the European Union states with the highest BSP/Kopf.

Table: Gross and net payer into the European Union household in the year 2004 (red - net; black - gross)

Source: European Union commission 2005

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