Chronological personal record in the detail

• 26. June 1963 birth in Moscow as a son of Russian Jews

• 1986 - Conclusion of the university education as chemists at chemical-technical Institut Moscow

• During the study he worked as a Carpenter in a Soviet building collective combine. 1986 1987 it was deputy of institute for Mendeleyev.

• 1987 he took over the line of the center for scientific-technologic of the youth donation for youth initiative (NTTM), a practically private-economical Komsomol enterprise. The establishment of NTTM had become possible 1987 by a law, which permitted private-economical activity in the form of cooperatives.

• 1988 conclusion in national economy at the Muscovite Plechanow institute

• Chodorkowski wanted to actually occur the armaments industry, but because of its Jewish origin he could not fulfill himself this desire. It becomes instead functionary in the communist youth organization Komsomol. State and party chief Mikhail Gorbatschow permitted to this organization as first capitalistic experiments.

• 1989-1990 he took over the presidency that

• 1990 bought the commercial innovation bank to the executive committee Muscovites of the Soviet the company NTTM off and designated themselves in MENATEP Invest over. Chodorkowski was now a general manager of MENATEP and starting from 1991 of chairmen of the board.

• 1992 member in the advisor staff of the Russian prime minister

• March 1993 deputy Minister for fuels and energy

• 1993 1994 it was also member of the advice for industrial policy at the Russian government.

• 1993 co-financing and organization of the election campaign for president Boris Yel'tsin

• To 30. March 1995 it participated in the cabinet meeting, on which loans for the shares program was suggested for the first time. In the context of this privatisation program in the consequence some large oil enterprises were denationalized. MENATEP could bring 45 % of the shares of the mineral oil enterprise Jukos to 1995/1996 with the auctions into its possession.

• In September 1995 MENATEP summarized its industrial participations in the Investment company ROSPROM, whose guidance Chodorkowski took over.

• In April 1996 it delivered the executive committee presidency of the bank MENATEP and changed into the guidance second largest Russian oil company of the Jukos.

• With the 1996 Chodorkowski used itself solid for the re-election Yel'tsins together with other large entrepreneurs.

• In October 1996 it became member of the consultative council for bankings at the Russian government.

• When ROSPROM and Jukos united 1997 to getting thing, Chodorkowski took over their guidance as a chairman of the board. A further fusion with the oil company Sibneft failed 1998.

• In November 1998 Chodorkowski was appointed as the member of the Kollegiums that of energy Ministry.

• With the Russian energy Ministry, which regulated the distribution of the oil export quota again, it came in October 1999 into conflict. After he had explained Wedomosti in the newspaper the fact that the formation of a reserve fund for the oil export quota promotes the theft and it also permits to distribute export rights without control sued it the Ministry because of offense.

• 2002 - Chodorkowski, which had gotten over the crisis of 1998, provided for larger transparency with Jukos and revealed the shareholders. It introduced western standards during record keeping and explained "honesty, openness and responsibility "as the guidance motive. By these reforms it reduced production costs by two thirds and achieved thereby a lower cost pro barrel ratio than all other Russian oil companies. Soon thereafter it was considered as a richest man of Russia, and its fortune became estimated occasionally even on up to eight billion dollar.

• 2002/2003 it reached an increase of the promotion achievements of Jukos again and reached now the fusion with Sibneft. Besides it led negotiations with the US oil companies Exxon mobile and Chevron Texas across a participation in the Jukos company.

• 25. October 2003 arrest because of tax evasion and fraud, after numerous investigation procedures of the financial and judicial authorities were opened against the Jukos company.

• 27. Octobers 2003 Exxon Mobil and Chevron break discussions off over participation in Jukos. In the summer rumors had consolidated themselves 2003 that Jukos will sell 25% of its shares to the US enterprises.

• On 3 November 2003 he communicated in detention that he its with Jukos lay down offices.

• 16. May 2005 after one world-wide disputed process, which is considered as of the Kremlin steered, is guiltily spoken Chodorkowski of the Muscovite city court in nine charges, among other things because of heavy fraud, tax evasion and education of a criminal combination.

The formerly richest Russian, who had to pursue the procedure in a metal cage locked up, is condemned to altogether nine years detention in the labour camp. Its lawyers announce appointment.

• 14. September 2005 admission of appeal proceedings.

• 22. September 2005 the supreme court of appeals confirmed the judgement, reduced however the punishment because of one falls calm charge on eight years detention. Chodorkowski had to begin the camp detention immediately, has however still the possibility of contesting the judgement before the highest Court of Justice.

• 20 October 2005 it becomes admits that it must serve its punishment in a Siberian camp in Krasnokamensk the close Chinese border.

• 25. January 2006 Chodorkowski is regarded as five days in solitary confinement. Reason: It procured itself "illegaly "documents over the rights of prisoners and left its job in the of the punishing camp without permission.

• 14. April 2006 - Chodorkowski wakes up with cuts in the face in its cell and must be sewn in the dispensary. A fellow prisoner attacked it with a home-made measurer. The camp line speaks of a scratch and explains, with a friendly prisoner a fight supplied itself with to Chodorkowski. The lawyers of the however rate the incident as proof for the fact that their mandator is exposed also in the detention to the chicaneries of the authorities, which spared no effort everything to prevent a premature release because of good guidance. One does not make oneself "illusions" over the true backers of the attack.

Sources: russland.RU; Chronicle and analysis of the Jukos affair also in "Russia analyses "of the research centre Eastern Europe at the University of Bremen (esp. No. 34 from 9 July 2004)

See also

• "The case Jukos "
• Basman jurisdiction
• Oligarchen
• List of billionaires

Literature

• Heiko Pleines and Hans Henning (publisher): The Jukos affair - Russia energy industry and the politics; Second, edition updated papers and materials No. 64 of the research centre Eastern Europe at the University of Bremen, June 2005; ISSN 1616-7384 pressure version: 4 euro + postage
• AG peace research at the University of Kassel; Article to Chodorkowski
• Angela Rustemeyer: PUT in the Oligarchenfeldzug and of Russia democracy; the JUKOS affair and its surrounding field in the eyes that politically liberals opposition and the population, Friedrich Ebert donation, 2004, ISBN 3-89892-319-3
• , Mars-resound Ith Goldman: Putin and the Oligarchs, in: Foreign Affairs, November/December 2004

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