With a multinational enterprise (English: Multinationally corporation MNC, or transnational corporation TNC) concerns it a transnational active enterprise, whereby the demarcation is to be judged to national enterprises as problematic.

The usual distinction criterion represents the internationalization degree: Here it concerns a quantitative measurement, with which inland activities are set into relation to foreign activities. Possible sizes are conversion, profit, incoming orders, manufacturing or numbers of employees.

Alternative criteria John H supplies. to Dunning with. Therefore a multinational enterprise defines itself by the fact that it transacts direct investments and exercises worth-drawing activities in more than one country. In contrast to it strategic divisions lie only inland with international enterprises despite international activity.

The strategic basic adjustment of a multinational enterprise is the use of firm specific advantages on foreign markets with consideration of regional differences in the Therefore competition advantages of multinational enterprises result from energizing local acceptance.

The Netherlands east India company was the first society starting from that 16. Century, which received large economic and cultural power in India and parts of Southeast Asia.

Types of multinational enterprises

The activity of multinational enterprises can be divided in 4 dominant modes, whereby in practice usually several types arise at the same time:

• Searches of resources (physical resources, factor work, factor human capital)

• Searches of markets (reasons: Size of the market and - growth, activity of existing customers or suppliers in new markets, adaptation of products to local preferences, transaction & production costs, dynamic interaction with competitor, reaction to national market interferences)

• Searches of efficiency (Economies OF Scale and Economies OF Scope, risk diversification)

• Searches of strategic net assets

other forms: Escape investments (before regularizations), support investments

Some examples

• AOL
• BASF
• Coca-Cola
• German Telekom
• Exxon
• General of engine
• Halliburton
• Honda
• IBM
• McDonald's
• Microsoft
• Nike
• Philips
• Shell
• Toyota
• Whale Mart net curtain, Inc.

See also

• World company

Literature

• Richard E. Caves, John Pencavel: Multinationally Enterprise and Economic analysis, 1996, ISBN 0521478588
• Claus Heinrich Daub: Global economy - global responsibility: The integration of multinational enterprises into the process of the lasting development. Basel 2005, ISBN 3906129233
• Thicknesses, Peter: Global SHIFTs: Transforming the World Economy, 2003, ISBN 0761971505
• Dunning, John H.: Multinationally enterprises and the global economy, 1992, ISBN 0201175304
• Charcoal burner, Benedikt: Structures and strategies of transnational companies, 2004, ISBN 3824445484
• Transnational corporation journal of the UNCTAD
• World Investment of report of the UNCTAD (data about the 100 largest multinational companies of the world)

Articles in category "Multinational enterprise"

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