Monitoring state is a negatively occupied term of the opponents of national monitoring measures. It describes a fright scenario, in which a state supervises its citizens with all means the available nationally legalisierten and. Thus violations of the law are to be able to be pursued better and faster recognized and. Proponents state the prevention of criminal offences, organized criminality and terrorism as necessity for the establishment of a comprehensive monitoring of the citizens. Critics consider a monitoring state however only heavy or not at all with a liberal democracy compatible. In addition they refer to the bad success ratio with means like the raster search.

In the monitoring state the realizations from the monitoring are used mainly for the prevention and additional punishment by violations of the law, as well as for the production by secretofficial information about the individual individuals and subpopulations. The prevention of criminal offences and other unpleasant behaviors of the citizens takes place in the monitoring state already indirectly by the constant observation pressure. In various supervising states were and/or are usual "preventive" arrests of supervised persons before meetings, in order to affect the public appearance of the meetings (China, Nepal, Colombia, GDR, USSR, etc.).

The monitoring state is characterised also by the restriction of the data security, the and the informational self-determination. The informational self-determination a direct opponent of the monitoring state is so seen. As examples of typical measures of the monitoring state raster searches, camera monitoring of public places, the routine production of movement profiles, gene data bases (genetic finger mark), biometric data bases, comprehensive communication control, as well as the schleppnetz and veil search are mentioned.

In the prevention state contrary to the monitoring state the information from the monitoring measures of the state is already very strengthened used, in order to prevent violations of the law or unpleasant behavior from the beginning.

An exact demarcation between monitoring state and prevention state is difficult, since one changes into the other one.

Technologies/methods for monitoring

Following technologies or methods can be used for monitoring:

• Raster search
• Wire-tapping
• Video monitoring

• Movement profiles
  • by RFID chips (e.g. in money, documents of identification, implants, tickets, clothes, stickers, etc.)
  • by satellite-based passenger car duty
  • by automatic Kfz Kennzeichenregistrierung (character recognition software)
  • by urban face recognition systems (Bs.: London, planned: Peking)
  • by detection of the mobile telephone

• Gene data bases for the storage of the genetic finger mark
• Data bases (central or in RFID chips) to the storage of biometric characteristics how:
  • Face characteristics
  • Iris sample
  • Finger mark
  • see also Lifescan

• Informant (e.g. CIM, V-men)

Monitoring in Germany

The following monitoring technologies and - measures are used in Germany already or are already decided. Critics see herein already clear steps to a monitoring state.

• Identification
• Raster search
• Introduction of the tax liability of finger marks with passports
• Acceptance of a saliva sample with heavy or repeated criminal offences and pertinent gene data bases
• Large wire-tapping
• Health map
• JobCard
• Video monitoring
• biometric data bases generally
• Externally stored data storage with Internet entrance offerers and telecommunications offerers

• automated hearing of telephone and Internet communication generally and E-Mail communication in the special one
  • During E-Mail monitoring in Germany all enamels, which have at least one E-Mail address in the MIME header, which can be supervised, are passed on as complete copy to a state organ.

• • Mobile telecommunications:
    • IMSI Catcher
    • GTP* (GPRS Tunneling Protocol*)

The following steps are examined in their negotiability partially also in Germany:

• Acceptance of a saliva sample also with easy criminal offences and transfer into pertinent gene data bases
• RFID in the cash
• RFID in the document of identification document
• RFID in goods of all kinds (e.g. trained in Jeans)

The following steps already are in the conversion:

• Place reference
• Preventing safekeeping
• Suspension of the Schengen agreement for the prevention of demonstrations
• Veil search

Monitoring in Austria

In Austria both raster search and wire-tapping are permitted after judicial permission. In the future on urge of the USA also Austrian passports of microchip with biometric data as well as finger marks are contained.

History

Already with that Carlsbad resolutions was there efforts to a monitoring and a prevention state ''.

Quotations

• Who limits the liberty, in order to win security, at the end both will lose. (Benjamin Franklin, 1706..1790)

See also

• Big bread ago Awards
• Stop 1984
• German combination for data security

Literature

• Sabine Leutheusser Schnarrenberger (MdB) federal minister of the law a.D.: Introduction speech for the conception of the fundamental right report 2004 (article) http://www.gustav-heinemann-initiative.de/Grp04_LS.pdf (5 sides)
• Michel Foucault: Supervising and punishing (philosophy of the monitoring)
• flow: The - the good business with our data, Carl Hanser publishing house, 2005
• The giant wall map of the monitoring Telepolis article to the monitoring state

Fiction

• Aldous Huxley: Beautiful new world
• George Orwell: 1984
• Ray Bradbury: Fahrenheit 451

Films

• 1984 (film), Great Britain 1956/1984 (1. /2. Filming), after the novel of the same name 1984 of George Orwell
• Brazil
• Nikolaikirche, Germany 1995
• The public enemy No. 1 (Enemy OF the State), the USA 1998
• Minority report, the USA 2002

Related links

• humans, data security side
• Thilo Weichert: '' Monitoring without transparency promotes national arbitrariness. ''

Articles in category "Monitoring state"

We found here 6 articles.