MITI is international the abbreviation for the Japanese "Ministry OF, generally common in the international context, trade and Industry" (dt. Ministry for international trade and industry, jap. tsusho sangyo sho). The Ministry is considered as a crucial architect behind the economic upswing of Japan in the post-war period.

The Japanese Ministry for international trade and industry was created in the year 1949 from the combination of the commercial agency and the Ministry for trades and industry. A goal was to brake the postwar inflation and to steer those the measures to the re-establishment of the industriellen productivity and occupation. The MITI carried the main responsibility for the formulation and implementation of international trade agreements, looked for thereby however always the consent with other parties involved, for instance the State Department and the Treasury. The MITI coordinated the commercial policy within appropriate ranges also, with the office for economic planning keikicho), the bank of Japan nihon ginko), and the Ministries for agriculture, building, forestry and fishery, health and social, post office and telecommunications as well as traffic. With the increase of the international trade the basis widened itself, whereby the other Ministries more weights got. The competencies of the MITI were cut additional by the commission for the fair trade kosei torihiki iinkai), the parliament and the prime minister. Thus the MITI end of the 80's had less control of the Japanese foreign trade than still in and the 60's 50's.

Apart from export and import the MITI was also responsible for the enterprises and ranges, which were taken off by other Ministries not expressly, in the ranges fixed assets, control of the environmental pollution, power supply, some aspects of the foreign economic aids, and customer complaints. Thus the MITI could a reconciliation of interests create, approximately between the containment of the environmental pollution and the competitive power in the export, and disadvantages for the exporting industries in such a way keep small.

The MITI served the industrial policy as an architect, as adjuster and as mediator for problems and diversities of opinion in the industry. The special attention of the Ministry was on the stabilization of the Industriellen basis of the country. From a guided economy to to speak goes thereby too far, but it considered the economy with formal and informal guidance, on the areas of the technology, the modernization, the investment into new plants, and the domestic and international competition.

The close connection between Ministry and industrial leaders led to a foreign trade policy, which is closely with the efforts for the stabilization of the domestic economy interlocked in many ranges. The MITI supported the early development of all key industries by the supply of protective mechanisms before import competition, industrial espionage, assistance with the Lizenzierung of foreign technologies, entrance to foreign exchange as well as assistance with fusions.

This politics to the promotion of the domestic industry and their protection from the international competition were strongest in and the 60's 50's. In the 70's the Japanese industry within many ranges was competitive, so that control of the MITI no more was not used in the measure. Also were outdated some the methods, then the enterprises now had enough foreign capital.

Partly the MITI had to even brake the industry. The Japanese automobile industry was so successful on the US-American market that starting from the year 1981 from Japanese side freiwillige became to issue import ratios, in order to turn criticism away of the American automobile industry and the trade unions.

Also the protectionism had to be reduced, in particular to pressure the World Trade Organization and the USA. In the 80's the MITI was involved in measures for the market opening and import promotion, it within the Ministry an office for import promotion was based. The close connection between MITI and industry permitted to play the Ministry such a role in the opening of the markets. The interests moving in opposite directions between market opening and promotion of new, increasing domestic industries remain existing.

A new development arose as a result of the long zero growth phase in the 90's, when many advancement programs of the government did not show the desired effect. In particular Nissan is to be referred here in the case, where a foreign enterprise entered with the second largest Japanese automobile farmer and reorganized successfully with "western" methods. This will not remain without consequences on the remaining industry.

In the year 2001 the MITI was folded up in the context of the centers government reform with the office for economic planning and the restaurant departments of other Ministries and renamed in METI (English Ministry OF Economy, trade and Industry, dt. Ministry for economics, trade and industry, jap. keizai sangyo sho).

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