Mikhail Borissowitsch Chodorkowski (Russian , wiss. Transliteration Mikhail Borisovic Chodorkovskij; * 26 June 1963 in Moscow) is the former chairman of the board of the Russian oil company Jukos.

Chodorkowski was arrested on 25 October 2003. To 16. May 2005 he was then condemned among other things because of fraud, tax evasion and "the education of a criminal combination "first to 9, in appeal proceedings to 8 years detention, which he serves since October 2005 in a punishing camp.

Rapid ascent from the student functionary to the multi-billionaire

Chodorkowskis ascent to one the richest Oligarchen Russia is in many respects typically for the careers the financial and Industriemagnaten of the Yel'tsin era.

After the study of chemistry the Chodorkowski was 1987 first on the best way to a classical Soviet functionary career in the Komsomol and later in the party machinery. Then it used the chances, which the liberalisation of the Soviet society under president Gorbachev offered. He took over the line of a Komsomolbetriebes, which he acquired later. For the financing of the enterprise it created 1988 a bank, which gained in the founder phase after the decay of the USSR under the name Menatep bank rapidly significance.

Helped Chodorkowski the political relations, which it understood to attach to government circles and to the surrounding field president Yel'tsin. The proximity to the policy provided advantages for it with the privatisation of state enterprises. In less than one decade it could develop a financial and a Industrieimperium.

1996, straight 33 years old, were Chodorkowski already chairmen of the board of the oil company Jukos and one of the large shareholders of the Menatep group. The majority at Jukos had itself the Menatep group in the year before on a privatisation auction for 309 million dollar and thus, so the Frankfurt general newspaper, the far under market value of the enterprise secured.

Change to "the presenting capitalist "with political commitment

Jukos became under Chodorkowski an enterprise with a model character. Instead of on clever equivocations it set increasingly on principles of good management ("Corporate Governance "), requested new Russian employers to take more social responsibility and financed non-profit projects.

Step by step Chodorkowski mixed in addition, into the home policy however on the side of the opponents of the new president Putin. It financed opposition parties, under it the fastened liberal of forces. Finally it suspected the Kremlin bureaucracy publicly of susceptibility for corruption. Chodorkowski stylized itself ever more clearly besides than man of the west, in particular the USA. He tried to take part US enterprises in Jukos.

Conflict with the Staatsmacht, condemnation to eight years detention

With its political commitment Chodorkowski came into conflict with the new president Putin, which had more or less officially assured the Oligarchen that its past law excesses were not pursued during "the robbery knight phase "of the Yel'tsin era however only, if they did not interfere into the policy.

Chodorkowski was arrested in October 2003. The public prosecutor demanded imprisonments of ten years in a procedure because of tax evasion, fraud and education of a criminal combination. Nine years detention in a penal colony the judgement in May 2005, which was lowered in appeal proceedings to eight years, read.

The Frankfurt general newspaper means to this judgement: "As one had accused Chodorkowski and Lebedew, one many Oligarchen before court have brought could, because the business manners of the Jukos guidance, for example for tax minimization, were far common. ["Â…] The Kremlin, that became ever clearer, wanted to neutralize an appearing politically particularly dangerous opponent with the fight against Chodorkowski, set an example, in order the remaining Oligarchen, which had supported once Yel'tsin to deter from political activity. It concerned at the same time to provide resources for its own policy on the inside and outward. "

Chodorkowski says about its detention: "In the prison a politician become very Russian, that is. "

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