Maurice Papon (* 3 September 1910) is a French politician and was a high civil servant of the Vichy regime, which kollaborierte in the Second World War with Nazi Germany. In the region Bordeaux he was a supervisor of the service for Jewish questions. Exact designation: Secretary-General of the prefecture, responsibly for police, finances, health and youth, bridging and road construction, economics, transport and supply. Under the term transport above all the Judendeportationen fell into the extermination camps of the Nazis. It ensured among other things for the fact that the courses were always as full as possible into the camps, in order to use the transportation capacity.

After the Second World War it could hide its past as Nazi Kollaborateur and enjoyed of a career in the public service as a boss to that Paris police and later than Ministers of Finance. Admits is also its friendship with Mitterrand, which is due from its common time in Vichy. The close co-operation of the French elite caused that Papon continued its sample career as high despite its crimes.

Papon was in Paris, when after a peaceful march on 17 October 1961, organized by the Algerian movement of independence, many Algerians were killed by the police and thrown partially into the Seine. The number of the victims is not exactly well-known; Historians estimate it on 200. Thousands were hurt, about 14,000 demonstrators were provisionally arrested (see massacres of Paris 1961).

Gradually Papons joint responsibility at the Holocaust was uncovered. Its process began 1997 after long legal controversy. It was guiltily found 1998 of the co-operation at crimes against the humanity and condemned to 10 years prison.

The process was the longest in the history of France. For the Frenchmen it had different meaning: For some was it the last opportunity to regenerate the history of the Kollaboration before court. Papons arrogance, its Verachtung for the court to excuse or regret show its refusal, abhorred themselves many humans.

Papon was guiltily found, the arrest and Deportation of 1560 Jews, among them children and old humans in the time of 1942 to 1944 to have arranged. Most of these humans were brought after Auschwitz.

The question about the responsibility of a person was disputed in a chain of responsibilities. The prosecutors requested a detention, although for this kind of the crime actually only life imprisonment was applicable.

1999 began Papon the term of imprisonment, which was however already terminated after three years due to its state of health. This violently criticized decision was possible by a new law ("Loi Kouchner"), after which passengers with deadly diseases or one impaired health by the detention will dismiss to be able. Papon was the second prisoner, who profited from this new law.

The Papon process for the first time as novel topic treated in Leslie Kaplan: Fever 2006. While the majority of the novel fiktional is, testimonies become detailed and documents from the process documented, the readers become lively the argument with the Occupation and Kollaboration and its late processing in the last third. Thereby small in the bureaucracy goes around six juvenile victims Papons, from those some owing to assistance of other Frenchmen escaped and around the self production Papons than. Still during this process, which was only opened to legal effort after representatives of the French elite expressed their solidarity with Papon.

The highest Court of Justice of France in Paris, judge Jean Claude Magendie, ordered on 10 February 2006 finally that the historical information transmitter www.histoire.fr may radiate substantial parts of the Video-Aufzeichnungen from the Papon process (altogether 40 transmissions) starting from 15 September 2006. The transmissions take place not only in form of the television, but also on the Internet side of the transmitter will be callable (in French language).

See also

• Klaus Barbie
• Paul Touvier

Literature

• France encyclopedia, 2.Aufl. 2005, Hg. Bernhard Schmidt, Doll, Walther Fekl, Siegfried lion, Fritz Taubert, publishing house Erich Schmidt, Berlin, article Affaires Barbie, Bousquet, Touvier, Papon S.39-45, (literature) ISBN 3503061843
• Le de Maurice Papon, is based on stenographic minutes, French, in summary in 2 volumes. Of: Erhel, Catherine [Hrsg.] Paris: Michel, 1998 (Collection Les grands contemporains) (with DDB available, see Related links)
• Richard J. Golsan The Papon Affair. MEMORY and Justice in Trial New York: Routledge, 2000 (English) complete Lit. - Overview until 2000 (30 books)
• Jean-Marc Dreyfus one never welfare-ends narcissus tables The Kollaboration in the French memory in: Institute for Fritz farmer (Hg.) boundless prejudices Jb. to history and effect of the Holocaust, Frankfurt/M.: Campus, 2002, side 167ff. (in it: in DDB not listed frz. Lit. to the Papon process) ISBN 3593370190
• Jean Noel Jeanneney Le dans le L'historien, le juge et le journaliste Paris: Seuil, 1998
• Lambert, Berne pool of broadcasting corporations dossier d'accusation: Bousquet, Papon, Touvier Paris: de la national of the et Rsistants, 1991

Related links

• Four articles from Le Monde October. /Nov. 1997 (frz.)
• http://www.histoire.fr/vert/html/ftheme.htm"> The topic Papon on histoire.fr, a kind school radio about history, whereby these television broadcasts are placed also in the net (starting from September 2006). All from Bordeaux would list. A great many literature data and other information. Durchklicken = dossier = Le Proces Papon = bibliography. -- Generally speaking dossier information to the person and versch. Processes (everything in frz.)
• Dossier into German, Lit (also 1 title per Papon)
• Marek owner, Paris writer, over the Papon process (German). Further Dok. in English ones and Spanish.

Articles in category "Maurice Papon"

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