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Konrad Zuse (* 22. June 1910 in Berlin; "Â 18 December 1995 in with Fulda) was a German civil engineer, inventor of the first functional computer and entrepreneur (Zuse kg).
Altogether Zuse had eight honour doctor titles and two Ehrenprofessuren. After it two medals are designated, which are assigned on the one hand by the society for computer science and on the other hand by the central association of German construction industry for special achievements in the area of computer science.
It is considered as the inventors its that is generally called today computer; more exactly said the first fully automatic, program controlled and freely programmable computer working in binary floating decimal point calculation. This carried the designation Z3 and for 1941 was finished placed.
Konrad Zuse was born on 22 June 1910 in Berlin. Its parents were Maria and Emil Zuse. At the age of two years the family pulled into eastPrussian brown mountain, since the father worked there as a post office civil servant. In brown mountain it visited the human High School Hosianum. Already early he discovered his preference for technology and art and began to make first ideas and inventions. Very often it had to state however that much was simply already invented. As it in the 9. Class was, drew the family Zuse after Hoyerswerda, where it the reform material High School, which visited today's Lessing High School. There Konrad Zuse put 1928 its Abitur down.
It studied then at the technical university Berlin Charlottenburg (today technical University of Berlin) first mechanical engineering, changed fast to architecture and finally to civil engineerings. This appeared to it the ideal combination of engineer and artist. In the study time it was member of the connection A.V. motive Berlin. The friendships, which he closed there, helped it its whole later life through still.
1935 it finally locked its engineer study with a diploma. Afterwards it worked as a stress analyst at the Henschel aircraft plants in Only one year later he began to work independently on the building of a programmable computer. Initial considerations decreased/went back until 1934. Since the computations are in the flight statics very monotonous and toilsome, it the idea came to automate these. The result was the 1938 finished placed, electrically propelled mechanical computers Z1 with limited programming possibilities, which read off the instructions from paper tapes. The Z1 worked due to problems with the mechanical precision never reliably. Zuse experienced only after that 2. World war by the patent office of the work of Charles Babbage. Also the ideas of Alan Turing or Howard Aiken were completely unknown to it during the entire time of the development of its calculating machines. During the Second World War Konrad Zuse was twice called up, could reach however with the help of his friends and promoters from the study time and with the aircraft plants that it was placed "indispensable ", since with the works stress analysts were used. It used the short time at the army, in order to deepen its ideas from a chess computer to.
it received 1940 from the aerodynamic laboratory support. He built the Z2, an improved version with telephone relays. In the same year it created its own company "Zuse apparatus engineering ", in order to manufacture programmable computers.
he built 1941 in a small dwelling in the Kreuzberger Methfesselstrasse the Z3. It was a binary computer with limited programming ability, with memory and a central arithmetic and logic unit from telephone relays. Computations could be programmed, however no conditioned jumps and program loops were possible. The Z3 is considered today as the first functional computer of the world.
The Second World War not possibly made it for it to step with computer specialists into Great Britain and the USA into contact. The Z3 was at the border to meet the theoretical requirements of the Turing machine. The proof was many later accomplished only (1998).
Zuses citizen of Berlin enterprise was destroyed 1945 by a bomb direct hit as well as the Z3. The partly finished Z4 had been brought before in security. Zuse developed the plan calculation, to which as the first universal programming language is considered in the time of 1941-1945 also to the world. However it could not be implemented on the computers at that time yet; that succeeded only in the year 2000.
After the war Zuse created 1949 in new churches in the circle at that time the Zuse kg. The Z4 was finished and installed at the ETH Zurich. At that time the only functioning computer in Europe and the first commercial computer were world-wide. The Z4 was installed some months in former times as the UNIVAC. Further computers were built, the type designation were always a Z and a sequential number. The Z11, which was sold to the optical industry and universities, was outstanding, and which Z22, the first computer with magnetic storage.
1957 were shifted the company headquarters from new churches to bath Hersfeld. Until 1967 the company built altogether 251 computers. Starting from 1964 Zuse stepped out as active partners of the company, it of Siemens was later taken over. Zuse kept honors repeated for its work. 1981 were lent to it the technical University of Dresden. After its retirement he dedicated himself to its hobby, the painting. Under the alias "Kuno lake "it created abstract pictures and Portraits of famous contemporaries.
1969 wrote Zuse the book area counting (Details see under works). Therein it developed a theory of the cellular automats and would apply it, similarly as late Stephen tungsten, also to the cosmology.
A functional reproduction of the Z3 is located today in the German museum in Munich, a reproduction of the Z1 is in the German technique museum Berlin in Berlin. There also a complete Z22 as well as various other Zuse Systeme.An of the professional school Karlsruhe stand are still another functional Z22 in complete equipment (see articles c't to 20/02, page 100). Their further whereabouts are uncertain. At the beginning of of 2005 was ready for operation developed it in the context of an exhibition in the center for art and medium technology in Karlsruhe. An until recently still functional Z23V is in German technology the museum Berlin (DTMB) (in former times: Museum for traffic and technology). A today still functional Z25 from the year 1967 the Arithmeum has in Bonn.
1985 became Zuse the first honour member of the society for computer science. Since 1987 these also every two years lend the Konrad Zuse medal. Since 1995 he is honour citizen of the city Hoyerswerda.
On initiative of Bill Gates Konrad Zuse met with this on the CeBIT 1995. Likewise 1995 it was distinguished for its life's work with the Order of Merit. In this year it became also honour member in the chaos computer club. He was selected 2003 in the Second Channel of German Television at place 15 of the largest Germans.
The museum of the city likewise furnished a Konrad Zuse department, the some interesting exhibits (e.g. Z23, Z25, Z64 Graphomat) shows. The moreover one the Konrad Zuse Computermuseum in Hoyerswerda, which concerns itself with the history of the computing technology and the life Zuses, exists.
Zuse developed and practically realized the method of the computerized floating point numbers on basis of the components of mantissa and exponent theoretically. With this procedure today each usual computer computes floating point numbers, from the pocket calculator to the cluster. Also the IEEE 754 standardisation used far away, i.e. the definition on a certain floating point format of numbers is a consequence of Zuses basic research.
By its specification of the programming language plan calculation it sketched the first universal programming language of the world.
With the development, construction and establishment of its first computers (Z1 to Z4), which on the newest switch technologies constructs in each case, wrote it research history. By its later activity than computer manufacturers it was involved also in large measure of the introduction of the computer to enterprises of the economy.
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