Karl dear farmhand (* 13 August 1871 in Leipzig; "† 15 January 1919 in Berlin) was a prominent internationalist socialist and Antimilitarist. It belonged to radical linking in the SPD 1914 ago, determined according to it substantially the line of the Spartakusbundes and was finally at the end of of 1918 one the founder of the communist party of Germany.

Life

In the empire 1914 ago

Karl dear farmhand was born on 13 August 1871 in Leipzig and baptized in the Thomas church (its godfathers were Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels). He was a son of William dear farmhand, who reached together with August Bebel 1876 the combination of two precursor groups to the SPD and together with Bebel and Paul Singer to the most important leaders of the party belonged.

In his youth time Karl experienced the effects of the Bismarck socialist laws, while he visited still another human High School. it made and began 1890 to the old Nikoleischule in Leipzig its Abitur afterwards jurisprudence, political economy, to study history and philosophy. When the family pulled to Berlin, it continued its study there.

From 1893 to 1894 dear farmhand had to carry military service out with the guard pioneers in Berlin. After long search for a junior lawyer place it wrote its doctor work, which was distinguished by the legal and state-scientific faculty of the University of peppering castle with the descriptor "magna cum laude". On 5 April 1899 it existed its with "well".

Together with its brother Theodor it opened a law office in Berlin and became by the defense of nine Social Democrats in the in such a way specified processes as a political lawyer admits. In some look up-exciting criminal procedures it prangerte the class law of the empire and the brutal treatment from recruits.

In the May of the yearly 1900 he married Julia Paradies, with which he had two sons and a daughter.

1902 became dear farmhand of social-democratic delegates. It became two years later at home and abroad admits, than it defended Russian revolutionaries before a German court.

Dear farmhand was active member the second international one and was one the founder the "socialist youth-international". For the youth work of the SPD he wrote the writing "militarism and anti-militarism". Because of these he was condemned on 12 October 1907 to one and a half years fortress detention. Its self-defense during the process brought in large popularity for it with the citizen of Berlin workers, so that it was led in a group to the detention start. In the next year he was selected into the Prussian Lower House, although he does not dismiss yet from the prison was.

In October 1912 he married its second wife, Sophie Ryss, after Julia dear farmhand had died one year before. Into the same year it drew as one the youngest SPD delegates in Reichstag. There it appeared immediately as decided opponents of an army collecting main, which should grant the emperor Steuermittel for the army and fleet armament. In addition it could prove that the company made Krupp by illegal arrangements with foreign armaments companies of business.

In the 1. World war

On 4 August 1914 the SPD faction was correct closed for the war credits. Dear farmhand stayed away from the tuning, in order not to have to be correct against the own party. But on 2 December it was correct as first only delegates of German Reichstag against the extension of the credits. To 20. March 1915 associated to it likewise already publicly Otto arisen against the war credits too.

Dear farmhand call up thereupon to the front, although it actually enjoyed immunity as a realm tag delegate. He experienced the war at the west and east front as a reinforcing soldier as well as the simple soldiers. The military law giving forbade political activity to it outside of the realm daily.

Up to then dear farmhand had tried in different way to form a internal-party opposition against the SPD politics of the Burgfriedens. It traveled to the summer and autumn 1914 - to a large extent successless - with pink Luxembourg through completely Germany, in order to mobilize and induce to the refusal of the financial grant for the war war opponents. It got in touch also to other European labour parties, in order to signal these that not all German Social Democrats for the war were. With 10 SPD-left it was member of the "group international one" formed by pink Luxembourg on 5 August 1914.

Still before its summoning it published the magazine "international one" in March 1915 likewise together with pink Luxembourg, which appeared only once and was seized by the authorities. It succeeded to it nevertheless to increase the group international one and to organize the decided war opponents in the SPD realm far. From this the Spartakusbund came out on 1 January 1916.

Now already 20 SPD delegates were correct against further war credits. Thereupon the SPD Reichstag parliamentary group excluded the war opponents, under it dear farmhand, on 12 January 1916 from its rows.

To the "Osterkonferenz of the youth" he spoke in Jena before 60 young people to the anti-militarism and for the change of the social conditions in Germany.

At the 1. May of the same yearly appeared to dear farmhand as a leader of an anti-war demonstration on the Potsdamer place in Berlin, was arrested and of high treason accused. It was arrested in June 1916 and condemned on 23 August 1916 to four years and one month penintentiary.

Into its detention time splitting the SPD and establishment of the USPD fell in April 1917. The Spartakusgruppe occurred now these, in order to work also there toward revolutionary goals.

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