Josef Breuer (* 15 January 1842; "† 20 June 1925) was a Viennese physician, physiologist and philosopher.

Breuer was born as a son of Leopold Breuer, a religion teacher of the Jewish municipality of Vienna. Its graduation was made in the age from 22 years, its marriage with Matilda Altman, with whom it had five children, in the year 1868.Er habilitierte in physiology and researched by the sense of balance (Mach Breuersche of the endolymph of the interior ear), the temperature control and the respiration (herring Breuer reflex). After the death of its teacher Oppolzer it established itself as a practical physician. Considerable colleagues of the medical faculty Vienna and numerous sizes of the Viennese society were its patients. With the therapy of his female patient Anna O. (Berta pasteboard home) it developed a new client-centered therapy of the hysteria, with which the symptoms were brought to disappearing, if by reminding its cause and/or its first occurrence the accompanying Affekte were abreacted. With its younger colleague Sigmund Freud he wrote the publications "over the psychological mechanism of hysterischer phenomena" (1893) and "studies over the hysteria" (1895). It is considered therefore as "Miterfinder" to the psychoanalysis, which was emphasized again and again also by Freud.

The novel "and Nietz" the American-Jewish writer Irvin Yalom cried been based on living and working Josef Breuers.

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