John Fitzgerald Kennedy (* 29. May 1917 in Brookline, Massachusetts; "† 22 November 1963 in Dallas, Texas (by an assassination attempt) was the 35. President of the United States of America (1961 - 1963). He was son of the millionaire Joseph P. Kennedy and rose Fitzgerald Kennedy, the daughter of the former mayor von Boston. In the Second World War JFK served PT 109 at the US Navy in the Pacific as a commander of the speedboat. On 12 September 1953 he married Jacqueline Lee Bouvier. Until today the widely distributed Kennedy clan influential politicians come of (see also: Edward Kennedy).

Only in the year 1976 it became admits that JFK at disease Addison (an incurable suprarenal body crust illness and/or subfunction) suffered. The heavy illness made an extensive hormone and/or Cortisonbehandlung necessary. Because of the substantial pain resulting from it a Morphium and a drug dependence were after-said to him again and again, what could withstand however an examination so far only conditionally.

Kennedy had numerous affairs, from which also its wife knew. Also a with Marilyn Monroe is after-said to him.

Because of its spectacular death, he applies for its famous speech before the city hall beautiful mountain in Berlin and its announcement of the first moon-landing despite his short presidency as one of most well-known humans and an internationally most popular US president 20. Century.

Youth and study

John Fitzgerald Kennedy was born 1917 as a son of Joseph P. Kennedy and rose Fitzgerald Kennedy in Brookline, Massachusetts.

As a son enrich parents enjoyed Kennedy a privileged youth. In the year 1931 Kennedy came on a boarding school into Connecticut, at which he made 1935 its conclusion. He was not an outstanding pupil and had already at this time health problems. Often it had to remain several days, sometimes even weeks in bed. Kennedy played gladly football, had this up however due to its weak health to give.

1935 tried Kennedy at the Princeton university and London School OF Economics to announce itself, had to break however both projects off because of diseases. One year later, 1936 finally created Kennedy the entrance in the study. From 1936 to 1940 it studied politics at the Harvard university. During its study time it traveled much, among other things also by Europe standing briefly before the war.

Military

1941 announced itself to John F. Kennedy voluntarily to US Navy. Its weak state of health causes it difficulties also here. It was not allowed, like it it wished, to the front, but got only an office activity with the help of the father succeeded it to Kennedy 1943 then nevertheless to the front to be shifted. He became commander of the speedboat PT 109 in the south Pacific. Kennedy returned already soon to the USA, there its boat, from a Japanese destroyer rammed, had sunk. Kennedy was celebrated however as a hero, since it succeeded to him to save most members of its crew.

JFKs brother Joseph Patrick Kennedy jr. did not survive the war. He died during a flight employment into Europe.

House of representatives

To be become after the death of the brother now John F was. Kennedys task into the policy to be and if possible a president. Its father, Joseph P had this requirement. Kennedy, before to its brother gestellt.1945 worked JFK first as a journalist and reported among other things of the conference of establishment of the United Nations in San Francisco. one year later Kennedy, with considerable financial support by the father, into the house of representatives was selected. It its very reduced influence was there clear. He knew that he could thus not collect enough trailers for a presidency election fight.

Senate

In November 1952 he, again with financial support by the father, was selected to the senator by Massachusetts. Thus the first step was taken to the presidency. But Kennedy knew that a unmarried one would not be selected to the president. This was apart from its love for Jaqueline Bouvier a further reason for the marriage of the two 1953,1956 undertook Kennedy its first attempt into the white house to draw. He stood as a candidate with the democratic Party Congress for the office of the vice-president, was subject however to senator Estes Kefauver from its next approach undertook Kennedy 1960. In the party-internal Vorausscheidung succeeded it against Lyndon B. Johnson. Its presidency election fight was financed again to a large extent by its father. In the choice on 8 November itself Kennedy could scarcely against its republican contractor Richard M. Nixon interspersed.

Presidency

Kennedy became at the age of 43 years a president and was only about one thousand days in the office. Into this time however drastic events with regard to foreign policy fell: The failure of the invasion of Cuba in the pig bay, the beginning of the US commitment in the Viet Nam war, the Cuba crisis ("S." Kennedys crisis management in the Cuba conflict 1962) around the stationing of Soviet atomic rockets in the western hemisphere (S. Monroe doctrine), the announcement of the moon-landing and the building of the citizens of Berlin wall.

It appointed his brother Robert F. Kennedy as a Minister of Justice into its cabinet. This form of the office assignment to family members was legally forbidden later in the USA (see Nepotismus).

Robert S. McNamara was under him a Secretary of Defense.

Relating to domestic affairs Kennedy strove for reforms. Already in the election campaign 1960 it announced the government program that to new Frontier: After the model of the American settlers apply it, new borderland to conquer. In its presidency around unfulfilled hopes and dreams will go, the unresolved problems of war and peace, the unordered niches of Ignoranz and prejudice as well as the unanswered questions of poverty and abundance.

1962 sent Kennedy military units to the University OF Mississippi, so that the black student James Meredith could register there. 1963 gave up the US Federal State as the last racial segregation in the education system and permitted the integration. Kennedy increased the minimum hourly wages to 1,25 US Dollar. The housing conditions were improved and the unemployment pay was increased. To 15. Anniversary of the citizens of Berlin air lift, on 26 June 1963 visited Kennedy West Berlin. Before the city hall beautiful mountain it gave its famous speech, in which it said its famous sentence at the side of the governing mayor at that time Willy Brandt: "I am a citizen of Berlin "(). Kennedy assured also in the future the support of the USA to the city and Germany as an ally protecting power.

In the connection Kennedy began its policy of detente between east and west for the completion of the cold war. The USA and the Soviet Union would install the red telephone, which represented a direct telex connection between Moscow and Washington in reality, in order to make in the future for both governments possible in crisis situations faster communication and to prevent so a nuclear war.

1963 agreed Kennedy with the Soviet Union and Great Britain on an atomic test stop agreement. In the same year Kennedy began with the election campaign for a next term of office.

On 12 November 1963, only, Kennedy national the Security memorandum No. 271 signed few days before its death, in which he aimed at a co-operation with the USSR in affairs of space. To a common space program of the two world powers in the 60's it should not come however any longer.

Briefly before its death president Kennedy issued a law, which should replace the Federal reserve system by a national central bank. Its successor Lyndon B. Johnson revised this law however immediately.

Articles in category "John F. Kennedy"

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