Jaguar (car) / Car manufacturer

» Personal Loan No Credit Check, Online Economics » Car manufacturer » Topics begins with J » Jaguar (car)

Page modified: �roda, lipiec 13, 2011 07:00:55

Jaguar is a British automobile mark, which today to Ford engine company belongs. Into being she was brought 1922 of Sir William Lyons under the name SS (standard Swallow). Seat the Jaguar Cars Ltd. Coventry with works is in Coventry, Birmingham and Halewood (everything in Great Britain).

History

1922 created Sir William Lyons the company SS (standard Swallow) and manufactured first side cars for motorcycles. Therefore some sources state that SS for Swallow Sidecars confessed. it sketched a two-seater body for the Austin Seven to 1927 and entered in such a way into the automobile business. After the viersitzigen sedans SS1 and SS2 presented 1935 a new sports car series with the designation SS 90 Jaguar to Lyons, on which also the head of the Jaguar emerged as symbol for dynamics and elegance in the emblem for the first time. One year later followed then the SS 100 Jaguar. The numbers of 90 and/or 100 indicate for it those maximum speed maximally which can be reached (naturally in mph, thus with the SS100 about 160 km/h), which with road conditions at that time was probably very fast and in reality never one reached. Since the SS was very favorable 100 compared with cars of Bentley or Invicta and in addition a sportily elegant body had, it became also sporty for the company SS a large success, so that the name Jaguar remembered as label name.

Therefore the company omitted the SS after the Second World War and called themselves 1947 completely in Jaguar over - the contraction SS reminded too much of the protection relay of the national socialists.

In the year 1948 Lyons on London engine show finally presented the XK 120, which provided for the break-through of the mark. The designation XK is used until today for the sporty models of the mark. The XK120 C-type (C for Competition) developed for run-in-corrode, and 1951 won the legendary 24-Stunden-Rennen von Le Mans for the first time for Jaguar. A further victory in Le Mans followed 1953 first with that C-type, and afterwards triumphed further developed D-type three times. Both were not pure running vehicles and had, except the six cylinder engine with two obenliegenden cam shafts and the transmission, a community with the XK-models. They had a lattice tubing framework and with semi-trailing arms and Panhardstab led rear axles.

The successful run-in-corrode accelerated also the sales, so that the XK 120 and its successor XK 140 sold themselves well. The XK 140 was built only from 1955 to 1957 and by the XK 150 replaced, which developed on the same chassis, but more tightened lines of the body exhibits. From this vehicle there was a sporty variant, which became XK 150 S. on the basis D-type the XKSS as road-suited version of this Rennsportwagens developed. The series production of this Roadsters was prevented however 1956 by a large fire, which destroyed the entire production plants. The 16 built cars are considered today as most desire-worth collecting objects.

one presented the model MK II. the vehicle to 1959 for the American market custom-made and was particularly equipped

Beginning of the yearly 1960 bought the Daimler engine company, whose models were driven traditionally from the British king house to Lyons. One turned into to bring each jaguar model out with equipment with high order as Daimler. This provided finally for the image as luxury brand. Distinguisher of many Daimler to the jaguar parallel models is the radiator grille with curved surfaces.

1961 were demonstrated for the first time on that Geneva autosalon the Jaguar E-type the public. It provided from the beginning for attention, since it set yardsticks both in the Design and in the driving technology, which can be partly pursued up to today's models.

Likewise one made as "Lightweight E-type" designated racing cars with aluminum body, which brought world-wide running victories in to one.

1963 followed the first S-type. The vehicles of this series serve of the elevated middle class to today the segment. The Jaguar XJ6 introduced in the year 1968 as first representatives of the XJ-series, which serves to today the upper class. The XJ12 was long time the only European sedan with prestigious twelve-cylinder engine.

1966 fused Jaguar with the British engine corporation (BMC) to the British Leyland engine corporation, usually only British Leyland mentioned.

End of the 1970er years came to Jaguar among other things also due to from strikes and problems in quality into financial distress and could separate in the year 1984 from British Leyland. After the year 1980 in which straight times 13,360 cars were sold, it went under John Egan slowly again uphill. Into this period also the successful commitment in the engine haven falls: At first in the European route car championship, in the group C 1988 and 1990 prestigious victories in the 24-Stunden-Rennen von Le Mans were later brought in.

1989 are taken over Jaguar by the American Ford engine company. Since that time the model pallet is completely revised. Ford combines the marks Jaguar, Land Rover, Aston Martin, Volvo and Lincoln into Prime Minister of automotives Group (short PAG). After the sales of the PAG developed not completely after the conceptions of the management, Lincoln was again taken out.

The mark Jaguar can survive only by high subsidies of the nut/mother company Ford. Jaguar books 2004 a vat loss of 430 million Pound. Also 2005 write the enterprise according to statements of jaguar managers low-red numbers. So must seize Ford of its British daughter Jaguar with 1.2 billion Pound (1.75 billion euro) under the arms, in order to adjust the high losses and writings-off of its luxury mark.

In the year 2005 Jaguar in England diminishes 1150 places and goes back production. Ford considers even the sales of the jaguar parent plant Browns Lane in Coventry, which gives it since 1928. The goal of reaching 2007 the break even point let fall the autofarmer with the game cat setting for jump as brand names in the meantime. Also the paragraph numbers in the current year are encouraging few: In the core market of the United States Jaguar in the first eleven months, in Europe sells 15.5 per cent of fewer vehicles breaks in the paragraph by 23 per cent. Thus Jaguar lies in the trend of the British automobile industry. Experts call the entire British automobile industry backward and not survivable.

Historical models

The today's form of the jaguar sedan is the 1968 developed XJ-series. The original series of 1 was built until 1973, the series of 2 to 1979 and the series of 3 to 1992 (Europe) and/or 1987 (the USA). The following series are called XJ40 (until 1995), XJ300 (until 1997) and XJ308. The today's models call themselves XJ350 and since 2003 are built. Further series are: X-type, S-type and XK. The x and/or S-type series avail themselves in various way standard construction units of the Ford nut/mother company, stand out however in quality of workmanship and equipment clearly against the Ford models.

There were several sports car models, which were used partially also in racing:

XK120 (1948-1954): Its name should point out that it concerns a vehicle, which reached a speed of 120 mph (about 193 km/h).
XK140 (1955-1957): The successor: somewhat more heavily than the predecessor, explicitly for the American market sketched. Despite a stronger engine it did not reach 140 mph.
XK150 (1957-1960): Did not find at the beginning of the same market resonance as its predecessors: too heavily, too weakly motorizes.
E-type (1961-1975): The classical author. in 3 series it was built about which the third even with V12 engine was offered.
XJ-S/XJS (1975-1996): The most disputed: Despite successes in the European route cars championship it is rejected of purists as too ponderous.
XJR-15 (1991-1992): the road version of the winner car of Le Mans 1988, the XJR-9. Were built for only 50 pieces.
XJ220 (1992-1994): A supersports car of the highest Preisklasse.

Current models

Up-to-date Jaguar offers four series. The longest tradition of these models has the XJ-series, which was revised last 2003. In the upper middle class the Jaguar S-type is integrated, to that in Europe however heavily with the Mercedes Benz E-class and BMW the 5er to fight has and since 2004, in order to make it more attractive, also with diesel engine is offered since 1999. For the same reason also a car in the medium range is to be found, the Jaguar X-type since 2001 for the first time in mark history. It is with diesel engines to have all-wheel drive and even as combination (X-type Estate). 70% of the understructure it divides here with Ford the Mondeo. The chassis development was given to the hands of the jaguar chassis development center at the

The Jaguar XK8 & XKR replaced 1996 after 21 years the model XJS. It was the first sports car, which developed under the line Ford engine company. As Design model one selected the lines legendary E-type. In May 1998, to 50. Birthday of the series XK, got the XK8 reinforcement in form of the compressor-motorized XKR.

In the spring 2006 to date current XK-row is replaced by the new model, which follows the study Jaguar of the Advanced Lightweight Coupe. As in the series XJ also the new XK will already have an aluminum body.