The international atomic energy organization (IAEO, English: Internationally Atomic Energy Agency, IAEA) is an autonomous scientific-technologic organization, which is connected by a special agreement with the United Nations. The IAEO is the peaceful use of the nuclear energy and the application of radioactive substances, as well as the international cooperation here, promote and at the same time the military use of this technology (e.g. Proliferation of nuclear weapons) by monitoring measures ("Safeguards ") prevent. For its employment for these goals it was distinguished 2005 together with her current Secretary-General Mohammed el-Baradei with the Nobel peace prize.

Organization

The IAEO was created on 29 July 1957 within the framework of the program "atom for Peace "under the roof of the UN in New York and has its administrative seat in the Viennese UN town center (Austria). Regional offices are settled in Geneva/Switzerland, New York /USA, Toronto/Canada and Tokyo/Japan.

The nuclear Untersuchungslabor is in approximately 30 km of Vienna removed Seibersdorf at the area of the Austrian Research of center. In addition and promotes the IAEO operates nuclear research centers to Monaco and Triest/Italy.

The IAEO consists of the general conference, the board of governors (board OF Governors) and the secretariat. Present general manager is Mohammed el-Baradei. 2004 had the organization approximately 2200 coworkers (of it about 350 supervisors) out over 90 countries.

The six head departments, in each case under a Vizedirektor, are assigned to the departments technical co-operation, nuclear energy, nuclear security, administration, nuclear sciences and applications as well as safeguard control ("Safeguards ").

The programs and funds are specified by the board of governors and the general assembly of all member states. The budget contains a regular budget as well as additionally freiwillige of contributions. The regular budget for 2004 amounted to approximately 270 million US $. At additional contributions approximately 75 million US $ are aimed at. The expenditures of the IAEO become annually from an external test organization (English: EXternal AUDI gate) examined. The eXternal AUDI gate is selected by the general conference. At present the vice-president of the German Federal Audit Office is eXternal AUDI gate of the IAEA.

Reports to the activities of the IAEO are submitted regularly and additionally if necessary to the security council of the United Nations and the UN-general assembly. In recent time the IAEO excited world-wide attention particularly by its missions in the Iraq before beginning of the war in the year 2003 as well as for their work in North Korea and Iran.

Spheres of activity

Nuclear weapon check contract

Among other things the IAEO is also responsible since March 1970 for the monitoring of the nuclear weapon check contract. Apart from the delegation of supervisors, who employ world-wide about 2500 examinations locally, the IAEO avails itself meanwhile also of the satellite monitoring and similar means, in order to control the adherence to the check contract. In the international interest it moved 1991 after completion of the second Gulf War, when it was allowed to employ investigations in the Iraq for the first time also outside of the contractual self obligation of a signatory state and a secret nuclear weapon program revealed.

Further spheres of activity

In addition the IAEO in application and development of peaceful possibilities of the nuclear technology, e.g. in the medicine, engage themselves naturally agriculture, production processes and the generation of current. The IAEO research center on the area of the Austrian Research of center in Seibersdorf (Lower Austria) accommodates several departments, which are concerned with most diverse applications of the nuclear energy; in the agricultural-biotechnological section there are own departments for plant breeding (Breeding plans), soil (Soil Science), agrochemistry, Entomologie (insect customer, within whose framework the SIT program specified down is investigated among other things), as well as veterinary applications. Other sections are concerned with nuclear physics, dosimetry, chemistry, instrumentaler technology, The Safeguards laboratories are likewise settled in Seibersdorf. The laboratories employ approx. 180 coworkers (approx. 2,229 IAEO entirely).

Together with the FAO the IAEO operates among other things a research program, which with the sterile Insect Technology (SIT) is occupied. Male insects are illuminated by means of radioactivity and sterilized in such a way. These are suspended in the free game course and pass their sterile seed on to the females. On a long-term basis diseases are to be exterminated in such a way such as malaria or the sleep illness.

For 2 February 2006 a special meeting of the IAEO is fixed in Vienna about production of a greatest possible majority to the case Iran.

US wire-tapping on the IAEO

In December 2004 it became admits that Mohammed el-Baradei, since 1997 Secretary-General of the international atomic energy authority, by who the USA was systematically belauscht. El-Baradei showed up indignant, particularly since he did not know so far that the USA worked against him, however that the government of the USA risk an eclat and became it belauschen. The Egyptian assumed that the US Government wanted to use the illegal wire-tapping to extort in order to find loading material, with whom it would have been possible, it and from the office for urge.

Honors and prices

The international atomic energy organization was distinguished for its work with a set of international peace prices. Above all the assignment of the Nobel peace prize particularly commentated by groups of environmental protection, since the authority expresses itself consistently against the military use of the atomic energy, a peaceful use however further promotes however also critically.

• 2003 - Peace of poles, peace price of the Goi Peace Foundation, Japan
• 2003 - Science & Peace gold Medal Albert Schweitzer internationally University, Spain
• 2004 - Berlin peace clock price citizens of Berlin of the committee for UNESCO work
• 2005 - The Nobel peace prize

Criticism

The IAEO uses itself against a military use of atomic energy, promotes in response however the substantial civilian use of the nuclear power. Finally it is their goal of getting the development and spreading going from atomic energy to the global current supply in all member states (nevertheless 139).

A civilian use however often precedes a military use of the nuclear power. In the reversal conclusion it becomes from the fact that the IAEO does not force under any circumstances a dismantling of nuclear weapons, but by their promotion of the civilian atomic energy only the condition for the military use of atomic energy creates. Their commitment as peace-keeping to designate and it in addition also still with the Nobel peace prize distinguish, appears for many critics as farce.

Particularly of nuclear power opponents the IAEO is accused to play down the risks of the nuclear energy. Thus in a report over the disaster of Tschernobyl of less than 50 victims one wrote. Otherwise the IAEO proceeds from "maximally 4000 long-term victims ", while the WHO speaks of victim numbers of five figures. (Source: )

See also

• - To the resumption of the Iranian enrichment program (2005)
• Nuclear energy to countries

Related links

• Website of the international Atomic Energy Agency
• Statute of the IAEA (English)

• History of the IAEA - the first 40 years
• 35 years promotion of the atomic energy - a critical documentation (anti-atomicinternational, Vienna)
• IAEA talk Book - Uranium 2003: Resources, Production, and and: Uranium 2003

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