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A hearing book is of one or more persons spoken and/or played text in arbitrary form and arbitrary category, which is stored on any carrier medium.
Hearing books are usually published by hearing book publishing houses or from blind libraries. A hearing book lives on the voice of the speaker. The voice can bind, at hand take, fascinate the listener. The speaker is the mediator between text and listener. The hearing book as auditives medium can be arranged in form of a reading, a radio play or features.
The hearing book lets the old tradition of telling blossom again, which was back-pushed toward the invention of the printing. The written word was robbed the interpretation of speaking, had however the advantage to be at any time available. Only the invention of clay/tone carriers like the record could turn around this development partly again.
Into the 1970er-Jahre one spoke of the "speech plate", starting from the 1980-he 1980 of the "radio play cartridge". Center of the 1990er-Jahre arose the English expression "Audiobook", which was replaced later by "hearing book". Thus all current and also future carrier media are considered.
Individual category of the hearing book can be divided depending upon viewpoint differently. To sound broadcasting the three of main category leave themselves similar: Reading, radio play and feature differentiate.
With the reading the text is read out by only one speaker. Distinctive between author reading and reading by a professional speaker or actor. A special kind reading is the so-called "Voice Switching", with which the speaker of each figure lends its own voice, which differs from the others for example in clay/tone situation or dialect. The reading is applicable for all kinds of written texts.
Of the radio play the occupation of the speech roles by several speakers and the intensified employment of formative elements are characteristic such as music and noises. Often a telling voice transfers the task to express only thinking for summarizing action strands or for announcing scene changes in the radio play. This is necessary, because the purely acoustic production of the happening does not illustrate Nonverbales. Basis for radio plays are usually fiktionale materials.
The feature is contrary to the radio play a documentary category and contained elements such as interviews, reports, reports and comments. Simple documentations can be Zusammenschnitte of historical clay/tone photographs to a certain topic or period. Strict-taken one speaks only with a certain artistic requirement of a "feature".
The book trade orients itself during the allocation the work printed by segments at and differentiates:
A special case are Audioguides. When category regards, one could assign the electronic museum and city leaders to the hearing book, whereby they were developed however independently of this and contrary to the traditional hearing book frequently only lent (and not sold) become.
At present common carrier media (in former times also clay/tone carriers called) are Compact cartridge, CD and DVD. By storage in digital formats hearing books are available also over Internet.
Hearing books in the MP3-Format can be played with a portable MP3-Player. With the function "Resume" can be further heard with MP3-Playern second-exactly in the place, in which the Player was switched off before. With "Titelresume" the listener must again listen to against it the piece of the beginning of the TRACK.
Swiss Publizistikwissenschafter Reto Studer asked for the first comprehensive study over hearing books in the German-speaking countries concerning 700 hearing book users, who had hearing books on Compact cartridge or audio CD ever up to 2.000 "read".
- Reto Studer, Lizentiatsarbeit at Institut for journalism science and media research of the University of Zurich (2004).
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