The hard latch plate plants (Cornaceae) are a family of the bedecktsamigen plants.

The family has about 85 kinds, which are assigned two kinds. The hard latch plate plants occur mainly in the moderate zones, or in mountain areas of the Tropics and Subtropen.

Most important and named-giving kind is hard latch plate (Cornus). In Cornus arranged kinds are partly grouped also into own kinds (Afrocranis, Benthamidia, Chamaeperoclymenum, Cynoxylon, Swida, Yinquania). Thus the family would have then seven kinds.

Systematics

After current systematics of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group there are two kinds.

• Alangium
• Hard latch plate (Cornus)

Kornelkir (C. mas)

Blood-red hard latch plate (C. sanguinea)

Hard latch plate plants are mainly in the moderate climate zones of the northern hemisphere common. Some species are resident also in the tropical South America and in Africa. Most kinds are trees or bushes with simple, counter or change-constantly arranged sheets. The Canadian hard latch plate is however an evergreen brassica. The blooms of the hard latch plate plants are small and in branched, for finalconstant bloom conditions are formed, which are coated by remarkable high sheets sometimes.

The economic meaning of the family concerns above all its use as ornamental shrubs: Hard latch plate plants are cultivated because of the attractive appearance by blooms and fruits as well as because of colourful autumn leaves. In addition the wood of some kinds finds in the furniture production use. Kornelkir is to be found in Europe in many places in forests and bushes, it is a popular hedge plant. Their red fruits are edible, in France them for the production of an alcoholic beverage are used, vin de courneille. The red hard latch plate - its leaves color themselves red in the autumn - forms black fruits, which are spread by birds; it occurs as Unterholz in light forests. From the fruits won oil is used in France for the production by soap.

The order, to which the hard latch plate plants belong, consists of four families and 150 kinds, from which about 100 belongs to this family. The family of the Nyssaceen covers three kinds, the two remaining families contained only in each case one kind. The kinds of the order vary strongly in its bloom structure: Usually however the blooms are small, and four to five, in their size reduced form a tube grown together with the Fruchtknoten. Often a Nektar producing disk is on the top of the Fruchtknotens. Generally the blooms exhibit four to five deformed with one another which can be missing in addition, completely.

Systematic classification: Hard latch plate plants educate the family Cornaceae of the order Cornales. The Canadian hard latch plate is classified as Cornus canadensis. Kornelkir is called scientifically Cornus mas and the red hard latch plate Cornus sanguinea. The remaining families of the order Cornales are called Nyssaceae, Alangiaceae and Garryaceae.

Reference work

"Polling catapult with the Canadian hard latch plate" in: Scientific ones round-look 10/2005, P. 549/Nature 435, 164 (2005)

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