Hugo Stinnes (* 12 February 1870 in at the Ruhr; "† 10 April 1924 in Berlin) was a German Industrieller and politician. At the beginning of the Weimar Republic it counted to the most influential personalities of Germany. By employer side it was substantially involved in the agreement with the workers' movement after the First World War. Since it profited from the postwar inflation by the aggressive outside financing of its enterprises strongly, it is particularly as an inflation king in memory.

Business career

Ascent in the empire

Stinnes already became as a second son of Hermann Hugo Stinnes and Adeline Stinnes, born Coupienne, into a wealthy entrepreneur family, those since beginning 19. Century in the trade and mining industry actively was, born. The family Stinnes belonged at the latest since the successful establishment of an enterprise of Hugo Stinnes' grandfather Mathias Stinnes, which had begun 1808 with the transport of coal and other goods on the Rhine between Cologne and Amsterdam, to the outstanding and wealthy families Already 1839 began the family to invest in mining industry participation. The commercial activity of the family was bundled in the Mathias Stinnes kg, the mining industry participation covered the Kuxmehrheiten at the bills Victoria Mathias, count Beust, Friedrich Ernestine, Carolus Magnus and Mathias Stinnes.

After training stays in the Koblenzer trading venture Carl late and into the bill Wie studied Stinnes at the royal mountain academy in Berlin mining industry as well as chemistry and occurred 1890 as an attorney the exempt private company Mathias Stinnes kg.

Hugo Stinnes GmbH

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Due to disagreement with the managing director of the Mathias Stinnes kg, its cousin Gerhard kitchens, to which he accused inability and an inclination to the alcohol, Stinnes made itself however already independent at the age of 23 years with financial support of its nut/mother, that sold for this its portion to the Mathias Stinnes kg, under a private firm (1903 converted into Hugo Stinnes GmbH) and began, independently of the exempt private company its own international commercial company to develop, which exceeded the past family estate by far. On the basis of the coal trade with South Germany and Switzerland as well as a modest shipping business the Hugo Stinnes GmbH address in completely Europe and overseas opened and forced beside the world-wide coal trade and in and export of iron and steel products in particular the trade with secondary and Vorprodukten of the heavy industry. Like that the enterprise was also important importer of wood from Russia and the Baltic, used for the mining industry, as well as of Swedish iron ore.

Vertical integration of the heavy industry

Here Stinnes pointed itself as successful a supervisor of vertical entwinements to trade and heavy industry and was involved in the consequence in the establishment of numerous large concerns in the Rhine country and in the Ruhr district, where he aimed at in particular the education of large and efficient units. Contrary to Trusts of anglo-saxon coinage - for example the standard oil company - Stinnes here always tried to reach synergies by vertical integration of the heavy schwerindustriellen production stages. Here he often co-operated with August Thyssen as well as due to its by the aggressive growth speed of caused enormous capital requirement with bankers such as Waldemar Mueller (Dresden bank), Carl (Schaaffhausen/Deutsche Bank) and Bernhard Dernburg ( bank).

Beside the Hugo Stinnes GmbH the emphasis of its business activity was the establishment and the development of the Rheinisch power stations (RWE), the of mine association (MBV) as well as the ascent of the Germanof Luxembourg mine and huts AG (German Luxembourg). Besides it was relevant at enterprises like the Saar and Mosel mine society (Saar Mosel) and the HAPAG takes part.

In particular in the energy and traffic sector Stinnes was an advocate of mix-economical beginnings, with which he wanted to combine private employers and with it efficient control with sovereign tasks and national interests. Thereby it became a main initiator of the electrification of the German west, the development west and South German public suburban traffic, the consolidation of the European heavy industry, the creation of more efficient world-wide selling ways for German coal as well as the economic use from gas to the energy production.

Rheinisch power stations

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The 1898 created Rheinisch power stations established their first power station on the area of the Stinnes bill Victoria Mathias. Stinnes was since establishment member of the supervisory board. 1902 acquired Stinnes as well as August Thyssen and bank group under participation of the German bank, the Dresden bank and the Disconto society during the so-called energy crisis the majority at the RWE. From 1903 to its death Stinnes functioned as a chairman of the supervisory board. On operation of Stinnes the RWE began an aggressive expansion under the executive committee shank his familiar Bernhard Goldenberg by the conclusion of exclusive power supply contracts with municipalities and districts in the Rhine country and into Westphalia and the buying up of suburban traffic enterprises in south and West Germany. Thereby the electrification in Germany was substantially accelerated. For the financing of growth as well as for the acquisition of the necessary concessions and permission the RWE was organized as mix-economical enterprise with private and local and/or national shareholders. Above all the influence Stinnes' on the power supply was seen often critical here by authority side. Like that the establishment of the VEW was original a preventive measure of anxious land advice and competitors against the rapid propagation of the RWE.

mine association

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Together with Thyssen and the banker Leo Hanau (Rheini bank) combined Stinnes 1898 several, usually little efficiently working bills approximately around at the Ruhr into the MBV, which became thereby one of the largest German bill enterprises and could by the physical union of several bills substantial synergies realize. From 1898 to its death Stinnes functioned as a chairman of the supervisory board.

Mining industry corporation peaceful neighbour

Stinnes became 1898 chairmen of the pit executive committees of the bills peaceful neighbour and Baaker hollow in Bochum lime trees. 1899 was combined the bills, Stinnes let the bill peaceful neighbour starting from 1899 develop and modernize. 1904 were taken over also the bill hare angle. To 19. May 1904 took place the transformation into the corporation mining industry corporation peaceful neighbour with plant manager Carl Knupe as a director. It Germanof Luxembourg-mine shortly thereafter with and hut-gnaws combined.

Germanof Luxembourg mine and hut-gnaw

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Starting from 1901 Stinnes and Bernhard Dernburg compose one of several deficit eras mines in the Ruhr district and huts in Differdingen (Luxembourg) the largest vertically integrated German Montankonzerne. Than the RWE German Luxembourg a prime example for Stinnes' growth strategy was still stronger. Although the enterprise was always very weakly kapitalisiert, German Luxembourg expanded by constant acquisitions, in order to secure themselves either the access to Vorprodukte or to develop even capacities of the following processing production stages. Substantial acquisitions were original the Dortmunder Louise foundation engineering AG (1908), the Dortmunder union (1910), those from Stinnes and August Thyssen developed Saar Mosel (1910/1916) as well as the North Sea works.

Stinnes was from 1906 to its death of chairmen of the supervisory board of German Luxembourg.

1920 were combined the enterprise as well as the Bochumer association and the Gelsenkirchener Bergwerks-AG (GBAG) into the community of interests Rhine Elbe union. This was extended likewise still 1920 under participation of the Siemens enterprises to the Siemens Rheinelbe Schuckert union.

Further substantial mandates

• Bochumer association: Chairman of the supervisory board 1920-1924
• GBAG: Member of the supervisory board 1904-1924
• : Member of the supervisory board 1907-1908
• Rheini bank: deputy chairmen of the supervisory board 1902-1915
• Rheinisch coal syndicate: Member of the supervisory board
• Saar Mosel: Supervisory board 1900-1919, chairman of the supervisory board 1916-1919
• Anhalti explosive AG: Member of the supervisory board

as well as a multiplicity of memberships in pit executive committees, for example with the family-own bills Victoria Mathias, Mathias Stinnes, Carolus Magnus, count Beust and Friedrich Ernestine.

Articles in category "Hugo Stinnes"

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