The meaning of the upper-Italian buyer republics results not only from the participation in the iberischen overseas enterprises, but is connected with the own activities already using in the high Middle Ages, which concerned the Mediterranean area as well as the Atlantic islands before the westAfrican coast and to Genueser colonies led. When return for their indispensable quick and military services during the crusades also Pisa and Venice, beside trade privileges and national buyer accomodation in the larger port places of Palestine, secure themselves sometimes also some villages and small close-to-the-city territories, which served the specific economic goals of the Italian buyer capital with priority.

Sardinien

Against the common sarazenischen enemy in the apron of the own coast Genova at the beginning of the 11 closed. Century with Pisa together, over on behalf the Pope 1016 n. Chr. to drive out the Muslims of the island Sardinien. The acquired area was divided in the center, supplied soon however opportunity for between the allied one. The Pisaner was first somewhat more skillful and came by marriage into the possession of the Gallura. Genova possessed finally only the Judikat Torres and a part of Arborea, thus the northwest of the island. The fight between the aristocracy families of Genova (Doria, Malaspina and Spinola) and Pisas (Visconti and Gherardesca) was brought in the sea-battle with Meloria 1284 to a conclusion devastating for Pisa. But Genova enjoyed only up to the year 1297, as the Pope the king (Jakob II.) of Aragon the rule over Sardinien of its success awards. Only 1353 are conquered the area around Alghero, which remained up to then a colony of Genova, by admiral Bernat de Cabrera and (starting from 1372) by immigrants from Katalonien, which Balearen and the realm Valencia settle.

Korsika

More near to Genova Korsika, which was since the year 1077 pisanische colony, was convenient but of Pope Innozenz IIITH after the sea-battle of 1284 n. Chr. first to the half at Genova one transferred. It is awarded a little later however Aragon. The Genueser opposes and can 1347 finally obsiegen, so that the island remains until 1768 with Genova.

Cyprus

The fleet expedition of a private company of genuesischer buyers and Patrizier since the accession of Henri the Ith in the year 1232 trade privileges possessed, displaced in the year 1373 the venezianischen competitors out of some, by no means out of all positions made however the east from Cyprus to the genuesischen protectorate. Several attempts of the zypriotischen king house to shake in interaction with Venice and the Visconti the genuesische rule off failed. In the port Famagusta on Cyprus (Famagusta, today Gazimagusa), determined them for 90 years (1374-1464) and rose tribute. Simultaneous was another part of the island the Egyptian Mamelucken tributary. Differently than the Venezianer the Genueser has however not a large war navy and cannot secure the possession of Cyprus not durably. Thus they transfer the administration of the Banco di San Giorgio.

Those the Sarazenen in the period of the crusades entrissenen islands Chios (1304-29, and 1346-1566), Samos (1304-29, and 1346-1475) and Lesbos (1333-36 and 1355-1462) became Genueser colonies. Because of the victory of the Turks over Byzanz however then however to 1475 all genuesische colonies and addresses are given up in the and in the black sea (with exception of Chios, which only 1566 was conquered by the Osmanen).

Bases

1162 establishes Genueser in southwest from Ceuta a base at the African coast, to which 1253 that come likewise west the strait of Gibraltar Safi lain. 1277 opens it the first sea lanes of Spain with Flanders and England. Starting from 1251 they enjoy fiscal privileges in Sevilla. Genueser of buyers already made the trade with olive oil, wine, Thunfisch, leather, soap and mercury in Granada, Lisbon, and Sanlucar before the end of the Reconquista in Spain their domain. , Palmas and Teneriffas read conquests Gran Canarias financed by genuesisches handels and borrowed capital under active participation Spanish and Portuguese entrepreneurs, like e.g. the cloth manufacturers. Also in Valencia, Toledo and Cuenca Genueser had large portion of the kastilischen trade. Among "alberghi the ligures", the Genueser families, which became durably resident in Andalusien, the Boccanegra, , , Espinola, Grimaldo, Pinelo, Rey, Riberol, Sopranis, among other things Genuesisch pisanischer transfer of technology ranks help gradually the iberischen monarchies Portugal, Kastilien and Katalonien gradually to own, efficient fleets, which break through the maurische sea-barrier from the conquered ports along the road of Gibraltar.

The Banco di San Giorgio with its large possessions mainly on Korsika formed the most stable element in the state during this phase, until 1528 the national spirit its Kraft recovered, when Andrea Doria could shake the French supremacy off and repair the old form of the government, the medieval colonial age was now however terminated.

Articles in category "Genueser colonies"

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