The garden bean (Phaseolus vulgaris), also Fisolen, the Greens beans, princess beans, or Kenya beans mentioned, is a useful plant from the family of the (Fabaceae or Leguminosae), Unterfamilie (Faboideae). Within the family it, together for example with the soy bean, belongs to the tri bus Phaseoleae, it gives many plant types "the beans "to be called. If one speaks in Germany of "bean ", one nearly always refers to the garden bean, which is called depending upon stature form also shrub bean or Stangenbohne. In Austria however almost exclusively the designation Fisole is used.

Culture history

The garden bean we for approximately 8000 years in South America cultivated and became in 16. Century by the Spaniards to Europe brought, where it back-pushed the field bean (thickness bean) strongly. One assumed in Phaseolus aborigineus Burk the game form that garden bean today is common the garden bean in a multiplicity of breed forms over the whole earth. The cultivated area in Germany amounts to 4,513 hectars (conditions November 2004).

Description

The garden bean has both small shrub forms high up to 50 cm and climbing forms, which reach m over 3. The original form of the garden bean is climbing.

The leguminous plants will know between 4 and 30 cm long and different colors to have (green, yellow, violet, gescheckt), one differentiate between round, oval and flat of cross sections and also the seeds vary strongly, both in the size of (0.5 to 3 cm) and in the color.

Use

In Europe the cases of the garden beans not developed yet are often eaten as vegetables (the Green beans, wax beans). In addition, to generally mature, dry seed, which can be stored easily, is used much. In the Reifegrad between the "Greens beans" and the "drying cook bean" or "grain bean" lie the Flageoletbohnen, with which milk-mature cores are harvested if the cases a leather-like ripe one to have. They are considered as delicate SE often have seeds of a certain color or form special names (Kidney bean = kidney bean, Perl bean = small spherical form).

Neighbour in the Mischkultur

Plants get along with different neighbour, those directly adjacent grow differently well:

Good Nachbaren

• Bean herb
• Strawberry
• Cucumber
• Potato
• Kohl
• Kohlrabi
• Head salad
• Picking salad
• Red one prays
• Sellerie
• Tomato

Bad neighbours

• Peas
• Fenchel
• Garlic
• Allium
• Bulbs

Contents materials

Due to its protein content the seeds of the garden bean are an important food and supply for example with chamfered or in the Vegetarismus a part of the proteins otherwise taken up by meat. Coal hydrates of the bean are not present in partly Oligosaccharosen degradable of humans. These are diminished from intestine bacteria and cause blowing. Some spices like e.g. Fenchel, anise, and can decrease this.

Raw garden beans (and also different kinds of bean) contain Lektine like the Phasin, a poisonous protein, which must be made innocuous by cooking. These kinds of bean are edible therefore not roughly.

See also

• List of the vegetables

Related links

• To the Giftigkeit of raw beans

Articles in category "Garden bean"

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