By forest protection (also forest protection) in forestry all measures are understood to the protection about forests and tree existence before damage of any kind. Both the forstwirschaftlichen is protect-worth regarded as well as the non-material requirements (like recovery, climatic effect or landscape design) to the forest as. Since the environment summit of Rio 1992 forest protection is also a political term, which is used in particular in connections of development policy.

In the past one named the sovereign police activity of the forest personnel, which against general offenders, in particular however approximately forest or Forstfrevler so mentioned (for example wood theft, brushwood theft, Wilderei, Fischwilderei, bad forest pasture) forest protection or forest protection in particular was directed. Today the protection of the forest against harmful animals, mushrooms and plants (forest parasits) is the center of attention or environmental influences.

Practical forest protection

Driven for the forest

The efficiency of the forest is threatened both by bio tables as well as by abiotischen factors. Beyond that the forest can be damaged also by forest-economical measures, for example by moving damage.

The substantial bio tables dangers for the forest are

• Harming insects such as bark beetles (e.g. Printer and Kupferstecher at spruce), oak rewinding stands or sponge cranks
• Game-verb-eat
• Fungal decay

Among abiotische dangers rank:

• Climatic influences such as storm (storm wood), snow, ice, frost, dryness, heat and thunderbolt
• Danger of fire (Waldbrand)
• Entry of pollutants (forest-die)

Methods of the forest protection

In the context of the forest protection numerous different methods are used. Here a special role comes to integrated plant protection. An emphasis is thereby on the protection against bio tables factors, since most abiotischen factors are hardly influenceable by humans. Damage by the forest-economical use is minimized by the appropriate training of the coworkers.

Protection from bio tables dangers

The measures against bio tables dangers can be divided roughly into four ranges:

• Among the physical procedures rank the wet storage and the bark peeling of struck wood, which fence of afforestation surfaces and the mechanical protection of young trees approximately game-verb-eat.
• Chemical procedures of the forest protection cover above all the use of Pestiziden.
• The biological forest protection procedures disintegrate into two ranges: on the one hand the promotion of utilizable organisms such as birds, bats or ants, for example by the plant of organisms changed genetically by dead wood islands, and on the other hand by the employment like different Bacillus thuringiensis subspecies.
• Of it to be differentiated biotechnological forest protection procedures, which are based on "the misuse of " natural reactions on attractions. As physical attractions game reflectors are used, during luring off traps and Repellents (peeling and verb eating protective agent) with chemical attractions to work.

Also the inventory adjustment of the game by hunt serves the forest and forest protection, since the inventory reason is by nature taper ratio a substantial component of modern forestry and forest-structural objectives are realizable by superelevated game existence often only at substantial financial expenditure (single protection, fencing). It is usually not ranked however among the tasks of core of the forest protection.

Protection from abiotischen dangers

The possibilities for the protection from abiotischen dangers are smaller, since these are directly influenceable only to small extent. Among other things measures of the silviculture are applicable as protection against storm dangers or public work, in order to prevent Within the range of the immission control numerous forstliche measures were developed like for example limewashing, which do not affect however the cause of the damage, but on the symptoms.

Execution

Forest protection becomes of the forest service elevated by officials, the (also: District leaders), or also perception by exclusively forest-protection-assigned adjusted for this purpose. The forest-protection-assigned has the position of a police execution official, i.e. the unrestricted powers of the Polizeivollzugsdienstes in the context of its local and material competence.

Forest protection and politics

Since the environment summit of Rio forest protection is also a key word of the political debate. Here the term is understood more comprehensively, apart from the forest-economical methods described above steps generally speaking extent political concepts and legal regulations. Core is usually after demand world-wide lasting forest politics.

Important topics in this connection are the protection of the tropical and borealen rain forests and the protection of the bio diversity. Besides certifying of forest products gains Endorsement OF Forest Certification Schemes for example by the Forest Stewardship Council or the program for lately significance.

Literature

• Wolfgang Altenkirch (Hrsg.): Forest protection on ecological basis: 86 tables. Ulmer publishing house, Stuttgart 2002, ISBN 3-8001-3684-8
• Hartmann, Franz Nienhaus, Heinz Butin: Color Atlas forest damage: Diagnosis of tree diseases. Stuttgart, Ulmer publishing house, Stuttgart 1995, ISBN 3-8001-3351-2
• Stefan Kunze, Heinz Ruppertshofen: Practice forest protection: Strategies against the forest dying. Land book publishing house, Hanover 1995, ISBN 3-7842-0520-8
• Fritz Schwerdtfeger:

See also

Baumschutz, plant protection, forest parasit

Related links

• Forest protection - recapitulatory representation
• Forest and environmental protection - WUS: the center for forest health in Switzerland
• Bavarian state forest administration - forest protection
• BMU - Projects to the international forest protection

Articles in category "Forest protection"

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