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When one designates fireworks a representation or a presentation, with which pyrotechnic articles and fire work are coordinated ignited. In modern terms is fireworks a Feuershow.

The fireworks art

There were the first fireworks probably in China. To the art form it was developed then in Japan and is called there hana bi "flowers from fire "(out Chinese huahuo) and served purposes. From there it spread in the early modern times into the whole world.

Nowadays in America and Europe fireworks are fired particularly to New Year. Additionally fireworks are ignited to country-specific holidays, like for example the American independence day, or to large meetings (large sport events, Kirmes, music festival, etc.). In Asia fireworks are usually fired in the summer. In southEuropean countries at Easter fireworks are particularly burned down.

The Fallas is world-famous in Valencia (Spain) at the beginning of March with loud daylight fireworks (Mascleta), the enormous fireworks in read Vegas, the mentioned Hanabis in Japan with up to a Millon spectators, or the fireworks Olympiad.

Kinds of fireworks

Pyrotechnic effects cover light effects (forms, colors), noise effects (bang), smoke and artificial fog.

One differentiates between soil and elevator fireworks:

Among the elevator fireworks (high fireworks) one ranks in principle all fire works, whose effect body is shot into the sky or which by a propulsion into the sky to ascend. Among the elevator fireworks fire works rank such as bombs and rockets.
To the soil fireworks firmly embodied fire work belongs such as , volcanos, suns, jumping wells and with the soil.
- Since this classical kind at present the baroque (and calls nowadays often to baroque music one burns down), one was very popular soil fireworks frequently also baroque fireworks.
- Bengali light pictures are a special form. They represent writings or other one.
Fire works, which discharge their effects upward into air, but not of the soil solve themselves, take an intermediate position between the soil and the elevator fireworks. In addition fire works count such as fire pots and Roman lights, smoke and flaming effects.
With fireworks at the same time or successively if being certain and ascending fire works are burned down, one speaks frequently of a combined soil and elevator fireworks.
Further types are indoor fireworks (stage or theatre fireworks), Feuershow, film special effects or pure Illumination, thus lighting by means of pyrotechnic effects.

A list to effects gives the article fire works.

Organization according to the warning category:

Large fireworks of fireworks, which may be burned down only by trained Pyrotechnikern. Central fireworks this are from more limited extent, in particular concerning the climbing height and the quantity of explosives. The laws are then somewhat less strict. Small fireworks that are fireworks, which also of not when Pyrotechniker trained persons may be burned down. Fireworks joke articles and fireworks play goods you are usually usable without legal restriction.

Additionally fall under the relevant regulations: Smoke or fog-producing pyrotechnic articles, pyrotechnic signal means, Bengalfeuer and shellac fires as well as for Boell he or Salutkanonen.

Overview concerning this gives the article pyrotechnic article as well as the section legal

A not pyrotechnic demonstration is the Konfettifeuerwerk, which is usually shot with compressed air.

The technology of fireworks

Most frequently used pyrotechnic sentence in the Feuerwerkerei is black powder, which finds particularly as output charge and Zerlegerladung use. The characteristic shining and color effects result from additive from different materials to the pyrotechnic sentences:

Red: Strontium salts (dark red), calcium (orange), lithium (carmine)
Yellow: Sodium salts
Green: Barium salts (yellow-green), copper (emerald green), tellurium (grass green), thallium (point green), zinc (pale green)
Blue: Cuprous salts (azure), arsenic, lead, selenium (light blue)
Violet: Cesium, potassium
Magenta: Rubidium
White, silver: Magnesium, aluminum, titanium, zirconium
Gold: Iron, coal

Very hot burning down materials increase luminosity and the intensity of the flame. Around the brilliance and the chroma the sentences different chloric materials (e.g. PVC) will strengthen added.

Legal

Generally free shooting of pyrotechnic articles is permitted only in the New Year's Night. Who would like to organize fireworks to other dates, for it an official permission must request. These permission refers to a time window, i.e. the fireworks may not before a certain time be begun and must at the latest to a certain time end. That includes also the demonstrations organized by the technical personnel.

To further information to legal regulations see explosive right, for organization into warning categories also pyrotechnic article, to the career profile: Pyrotechniker.

The increase of both unsatisfactorily trained ammunition technicians and fireworks to most varied causes and the annoyances resulting from it and accidents, as well as doubts of environmental protection entails also increasing social refusal and leads to intensified legal regulations. As special problem here the availability of articles in the Internet proves: The legislator takes the trained technical personnel with the delivery into the obligation, the illegal burn-off down is then hardly to more to be controlled. The import of fire works is permitted also from European Union states only licensed specialized enterprises. The import by private people is in Germany since 2005 a criminal offence.

Germany

In Germany the sales is permitted by fire works at private people only in the last three days of the yearly; to be ignited they may only in the New Year's Night. Exception are all the fire works, which were divided for examination (BAM) by the Federal Institution for material research and - into the class 1. These youth-free fire works may be all year round sold and used.

Austria

Articles of the class I are subject generally to no restriction, class ii-article may only by persons of age in the free one and outside from local areas be ignited.

Literature

Takeo Shimizu: Fireworks - The kind, Science and Technique. Pyrotechnica Publications, 1912, Reprint 1981, ISBN 0929388054
Michael S. Russell The Chemistry OF Fireworks. The Royal Society OF Chemistry, 2000, ISBN 0854045988
August Eschenbacher, A. Vandrovez: The Feuerwerkerei. Survival press, 1920, Reprint 2003, ISBN 3831127433
George W. wine-refines: Pyrotechnics. Survival press, 1943 Reprint 2002, ISBN 3831132704
Franz Sales Meyer: The Feuerwerkerei as lover art. SurvivalPress, 1898 Reprint 2002, ISBN 383114012X
Karl success home: The modern Kunstfeuerwerkerei. A guidance for Dilettanten. SurvivalPress, 1913 Reprint 2001, ISBN 3831129460